SEC 2 Flashcards
(16 cards)
What are algae?
Algae are mostly unicellular and sometimes multicellular plant-like protists that produce food through photosynthesis.
What is the body structure of algae called?
The body of algae is called thallus.
How are algae classified?
Algae are classified into 4 types based on their structure: unicellular, colonial, filamentous, and multicellular.
What are unicellular algae?
Unicellular algae consist of single cells and are mostly aquatic, like Chlamydomonas, which form phytoplankton which generates half the world oxygen and CO2
What are colonial algae?
Colonial algae, like Volvox, have a structure made of a group of cells.
What are filamentous algae?
Filamentous algae, like Spirogyra, have a slender rod shape.
What are multicellular algae?
Multicellular algae have large leaf-like structures, for instance, Ulva.
How do algae reproduce?
Algae reproduce both sexually and asexually.
How are algae grouped into phyla?
Algae are grouped into 7 phyla based on their color, type of chlorophyll, cell wall composition, and food storage substances. All of them Have chlorophyll A but also have different chlorophylls and carotenoids that absorbs different colours
What is Phylum Chlorophyta?
Phylum Chlorophyta includes green algae that live in aquatic or terrestrial environments. They have chloroplasts with chlorophyll A and B, and store food as starch and have cell walls made of cellulose
What is Phylum Phaeophyta?
Phylum Phaeophyta(brown algae)-consists of mostly large, multicellular marine organisms like seaweed and giant kelp, which appear brown due to the pigment fucoxanthin but also have chlorophyll A and C. They store food as laminarin. Their cell walls also contain a carbohydrate used in cosmetics,medicine and stabilisers in ice cream
What is Phylum Rhodophyta?
Phylum Rhodophyta includes red algae that live in fresh water but are mostly marine seaweeds, containing chlorophyll A and phycobilins(red and blue pigments)which absorb deep penetrating light for photosynthesis. Some have cell walls coated with carrageenan a polysaccharide used in cosmetics,gelatine capsules and some cheese
What is Phylum Bacillariophyta?
Phylum Bacillariophyta(diatoms)- found in fresh water and marine environments and have unique cell walls called shells whit two interlocking parts called valve and serve as key producers in the aquatic food web. When they die their shells sink contributing to materials used in cleaning supplies,insulators,detergents,fertilisers,paint removers and some toothpaste
What is Phylum Dinoflagellata?
Phylum Dinoflagellata consists of mostly small, unicellular, photosynthetic organisms appearing yellowish Green to brown due to carotenoids and chlorophyll A and C they have 2 unequal flagella. Some produce bioluminescence that crests sparkling ocean light. When population increase they can cause red tide.
What is Phylum Chrysophyta?
Phylum Chrysophyta, or gold algae, are mostly found in freshwater and some marine environments and have a yellowish-brown color due to carotenoids and chlorophyll A and C. They store energy as oil which contribute to petroleum deposits.
What is Phylum Euglenophyta?
Phylum Euglenophyta includes organisms like Euglena, which are plant-like due to chlorophyll but also animal-like as they lack a cell wall.
