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2nd Period Theory Electrical SAIT-Alberta > Second Period Math Applications > Flashcards

Second Period Math Applications Flashcards

1
Q

What is BEDMAS?

A 
The standard sequence of mathematical operations.
B-rackets
E-xponents
D-ivision           } From left to right
M-ultiplication /
A-ddition        } From left to right
S-ubtraction  /
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2
Q

What is accomplished when transposing an equation?

A

Change in the position of “parts” of the equation, while maintaining the equality.

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3
Q

What is an equation?

A

It is a statement of equality between two quantities.

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4
Q

When transposing, could you only apply a mathematical procedure to one side of the equation and still maintain equality?

A

No.

You must always apply the same procedure to both sides to maintain equality.

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5
Q

What is meant by squaring a number?

A

It is a process of multiplying the number by itself.

e.g. 9^2=9x9.

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6
Q

What is meant by square rooting a number?

A

It is the opposite process of squaring a number. It can be represented as SQRT(x)=x^0.5.

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7
Q

Why is scientific notation adopted en masse?

A

Because it is a simple way to express either a very large or very small number.

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8
Q

What is scientific notation?

A

It is a method of describing a number through powers of 10.

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9
Q

If a number has a scientific notation of a POSITIVE power of 10, which way will the decimal point move, when converting to a whole/decimal number?

A

To the right.

A positive power results in a larger number than 1, and a negative power results in a smaller number than 1.

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10
Q

What is meant by engineering notation?

A

A method of describing a number by powers of 10 which are divisible by 3.
e.g. 10^3, 10^6, 10^9, etc…

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11
Q

What multiplication factor is applied when given an SI prefix of Giga(G)?

A

It is 10^9 or 1 billion.

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12
Q

What are the SI prefixes (in order) associated with multiplication factors from 1 Trillionth, to 1 Billion?

A 
Pico (p) 10^-12 = 1 Trillionth
Nano (n) 10^-9 = 1 Billionth
Micro (mu) 10^-6 = 1 Millionth
Milli (m) 10^-3 = 1 Thousandth
Centi (c) 10^-2 = 1 Hundredth
Deci (d) 10^-1 = 1 Tenth
Deka (da) 10^1 = Ten
Hecto (h) 10^2 = 1 Hundred
Kilo (k) 10^3 = 1 Thousand
Mega (M) 10^6 = 1 Million
Giga (G) 10^9 = 1 Billion
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13
Q

What symbol is commonly used to express an angle?

A

Theta.

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14
Q

What is the sum of all angles in any triangle?

A

180 degrees.

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15
Q

What is a “right triangle”?

A

One which contains a right angle (90 degrees), usually represented by a little square.

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16
Q

What is the vertical side of a right triangle called?

A

The altitude.

17
Q

The longest side of a right triangle has a name, what is it?

A

The hypotenuse.

18
Q

What does the Pythagorean Theorem state?

A

The hypotenuse squared is the sum of the base squared and the altitude squared.

19
Q

There are three major trigonometric functions, what are these?

A

Sine (sin)
Cosine (cos)
Tangent (tan).

20
Q

How does the Sine function relate the sides of a triangle if applied to one of the (non right) angles?

A

It equals a ratio between the side opposite from the angle and the hypotenuse.

21
Q

How does the Cosine function relate the sides of a triangle if applied to one of the (non right) angles?

A

It equals a ratio between the side adjacent to the angle and the hypotenuse.

22
Q

How does the Tangent function relate the sides of a triangle if applied to one of the (non right) angles?

A

It equals a ratio between the side opposite from the angle and the side adjacent to the angle.

23
Q

If you are given the values of the sides of a triangle and are asked to find the angles, what functions must be used?

A

Inverse trigonometric functions, such as:
Arcsine (sin^-1)
Arccosine (cos^-1)
Arctangent (tan^-1)

24
Q

What is a phasor? What does it represent?

A

A graphical representation of a complex number used to analyze a circuit.
Voltage or current and a time relationship between other phasors.

25
Q

The tail of a phasor must always be fixed to the _____.

A

Origin.

26
Q

What is a Cartesian plane?

A

A horizontal vertical axis crossing at a point called the origin. Right and up from the origin are positive values, left and down will be negative values.

27
Q

What does the length of a phasor represent?

A

The RMS value of current or voltage.

28
Q

Are phasors always drawn to a scale?

A

Yes, this makes it easy to see the relationships.

29
Q

What is represented by the angle between phasors?

A

A time relationship, measured in electrical degrees.

30
Q

What kind of arrowheads would you use if representing current with a phasor?

A

Closed arrowheads.

You would use open arrowheads for Voltage.

31
Q

In a phasor diagram, what is considered to be the reference axis?

A

The positive horizontal axis (To the right from the origin).

32
Q

Phasors can be expressed in two forms, what are these?

A

Polar(magnitude @ angle),

Rectangular(Horizontal component, Vertical component)

33
Q

When adding two or more phasors together it is imperative to first convert them to _________ form.

A

Rectangular.

This is so we can add components easily.

34
Q

What method is greatly efficient for adding two or more phasors?

A

Using an H/V chart.

35
Q

What is a ratio?

A

A comparison between two like quantities.
e.g. 5 kg of salt : 10 kg of salt => 1:2.
A ratio must always have the same units.

36
Q

Would a ratio be the same, regardless of the order it was represented in?

A

No, it is essential to use the correct order.

10:5 is not the same as 5:10.

37
Q

What is a proportion?

A

It is a statement which says two ratios are equal.

38
Q

What is the difference between a direct and indirect proportion?

A

A direct proportion has related quantities, either both on the top or both on the bottom.
(e.g. small heater/large heater = small ampacity/large ampacity)
Whereas an indirect proportion will have related quantities on opposite sides of the divisor line.
(e.g. small crew/large crew = small hours/large hours)
[small crew will be large hours, see how they are on opposite sides of the divisor?]

2nd Period Theory Electrical SAIT-Alberta (7 decks)

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