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453-2 > second portion of course > Flashcards

second portion of course Flashcards

1
Q

what is a simple definition of politics

A

it is about how decisions are made

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2
Q

what are some potential and current AI and tehcnology considerations (13)

A
  • 1) consumer privacy/ protecting private information
  • 2) AI bias (based on training data)
  • 3) proliferation of misinformation
  • 4) Internet of Things data collection and use
  • 5) computing’s effect on the environment
  • 6) mass storage of personal information
  • 7) intrusive cybersecurity
  • 8) ‘always-on’ culture
  • 9) worker displacement
  • 10) algorithms limiting exposure to information
  • 11) unequal access to health
  • 12) spyware
  • 13) blockchain’s vulernability to scams
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3
Q

what is the rembrandt story

A

In 2016, a computer designed and a 3D printer created a painting called “the Next Rembrandt,” analyzing 346 of his works to mimic his style and printed it with remarkable detail. Issue was, who was the real author, the engineers, the machine/algorithm, or Rembrandt

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4
Q

what is the huawei story

A

Huawei announced an AI algorithm completed the last two movements of Franz Schubert’s Symphony No.8, composed 197 years earlier

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5
Q

what are two ways in which implicit bias is resolved in recruiting (one weve studied before, and one new one)

A
  • Veil of Ignorance is a potential mitigation
  • Technology can help shortlist candidates more objectively
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6
Q

what issue can implementation of technology in rectuiting bring forth (amazon)

A

Amazon stopped using AI hiring algorithm when it showed bias towards candidates that used words like executed or captured, which were more likely to be found in men’s resumes

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7
Q

where does bias in technology and AI come from

A

can stem from flawed data sampling, leading to higher error rates for minorities and particularly minority women, as demonstrated by research conducted at MIT

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8
Q

is the training data of an AI model of concern

A

yes

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9
Q

is use of AI for content geenration for universities illegal

A

content generation in which the student passes off as their own is a violation of the university’s student discipline policy

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10
Q

what are the concerns for potential missuese of gpt model

A
  • the creation of deep fake audio or text
  • spreading false or misleading
    information
  • pushing harmful stereotypes
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11
Q

AI is like children running with

A

scissors

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12
Q

people tend to ____estimate the _______ things and _______estimate the _____ things

A

over, good
under, bad

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13
Q

define gartner’s gap

A

As more data becomes available, decision-making improves, but organizations must use smarter methods to measure and analyze data due to fewer analytical staff.

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14
Q

in technology, just because we can, ____________________

A

should we?

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15
Q

technology is ahead or behind the law

A

ahead

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16
Q

what should leaders do in regards to technology

A
  • Understand technology and its intended purposes, alternative uses, benefits, and risks and set up appropriate safeguards
  • Consider ethical implications on human behaviour
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17
Q

what are 8 ways to participate in unethical communication

A
  • Spreading false information
  • Withholding vital information
  • Manipulative language
  • Exaggerating claims
  • Plagiarism
  • Gaslighting
  • Scapegoating
  • Fear-mongering
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18
Q

what % of companies admit that they have disciplined executive

A

44%

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19
Q

what are 6 ways in which communication in the workplace should be ocndicted

A
  • intention - intention is to support, inform, encourage
  • style - style of communication must be professional, respectful
  • proactive
  • 5W are addressed
  • 2 way - ensure that the interpretation/decoding of the message was correct
  • psychologically safe environment - people should feel safe to ask a question or try an idea
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20
Q

the communication model is when a sender ________ a message, the message travels through a _________, and it is ________ by e receive

A

encodes
channel
decodes

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21
Q

is telling a friend what they want to hear rather than the trust, or a politician doing the same thing to a set of voters ethical?

A

no

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22
Q

what are 8 exaples of unethical communication by employees (NOT METHODS)

A
  1. Falsifying a colleague’s sales report:
  2. Spreading rumors about layoffs
  3. Taking credit for a team member’s work
  4. Lying about sick leave:
  5. Disclosing confidential information for personal gain:
  6. Manipulating customer feedback:
  7. Harassing emails or messages:
  8. Undermining a supervisor in public:
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23
Q

what are the 3 principles of journalism

A
  • Honesty.
  • Refrain from doing harm.
  • Fairness to all stakeholders (internal
    and external)
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24
Q

what are 3 reasons we might feel inclined to perform unethical communication

A
  • Yielding to social pressures
  • Mistaking groupthink for teamwork
  • Telling the truth versus meeting workplace expectations
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25
Q

what is the hello fresh advertising issue

A

advertised free meals, but actually offered a discount on a subscription that auto renews and is really difficult to cancel. Enticed customers into subscription with insufficiently disclosed terms

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26
Q

what was the godiva advertising issue

A

falsely advertised its chocolate as being made in Belgium, when they are made in Pennsylvania. Had misleading phrase “Belgium 1926”

27
Q

what was the kimberly clark advertising issue

A

– falsely advertised personal care wipes as flushable. Wipes have allegedly caused plumbing issues

28
Q

what was the timhortons advertising issue

A

misled users from its app regarding geolocation and data collection practices. Class members were enticed into becoming members for a free drink and baked good and were tracked while their phone was on

29
Q

what are things that happen to communication when uncertainty and worry grows in a situation

A
  • there is disconnected/gaps in knowledge communication
  • worry and axiety
  • competing truths
  • slowed communication
30
Q

when a company is dealing with a PR issue, what are some steps it should do to address the situation

A
  • Acknowledge concerns raised and share sympathy for those affected, if any
  • Emphasize dedication to understanding the situation fully and investigating it further.
  • Express commitment to transparency in the investigative process.
  • Reiterate the company’s values and commitment to accountability.
  • Assure stakeholders of proactive measures to address any identified issues.
31
Q
  • Elizabeth Holmes -
A

falsified blood test results, risking patient lives and defrauding investors, ultimately facing criminal charges.

32
Q
  • Peter Hebblethwaite -
A

abruptly firing 800 employees via prerecorded Zoom, leading to protests and condemnation from unions and the government.

33
Q
  • Thomas Gottstein –
A

continued to underperform because did not want to listen to others. Credit Suisse lost 4 billion from poor performance and compliance failure

34
Q
  • Barry McCarthy –
A

laid off 500 workers and positioned a 1.2 billion loss as substantial progress for Paleton

35
Q
  • David Zaslav –
A

was president during the biggest merger failure between Discovery and Warner Bros

36
Q
  • Bob Chapek –
A

refused to sign a gay rights bill on behalf of Disney – turned on his decision but the reputation was gone

37
Q
  • Steve Easterbrook –
A

former McDonalds CEO sued for having relationships with employees, destroying evidence, and committing fraud

38
Q
  • Harvey Weinstein -
A

ousted due to allegations of sexual assault, harassment, and misconduct.

39
Q
  • Richard Smith -
A

Equifax’s failure to secure customer data and mishandling of the breach led to CEO Smith’s ousting

40
Q
  • Dov Charney -
A

American Apparel faced numerous allegations of sexual harassment, leading to the ousting of its CEO Charney

41
Q

as per Bazerman, elizabeth holmed was jailed for 11 years for fraud, but what happened to the executives?

A

executives at Walgreens that put up her product with no due diligence walked away free

42
Q

what does bazerman say about consultants and give a scenraio that they are likely to do

A
  • Consultants push their clients to act unethically, and then behind the fact that they were just offering advice
    o Persuade insurance companies to withhold payments so the client will accept less
43
Q

what are 4 elements of unethical behaviour in leaders

A
  • Dark charismatic style
  • Arrogance
  • Opportunistic
  • Unsympathetic
44
Q

as per bazerman, participants that indirectly benefit from unethical behaviour are

A

less likely to notice it (and even if they do, may
fear the potential consequences of
speaking out)

45
Q

does teh cost of leadership stop at the business?

A

no, it can also have a cost on society

46
Q

what is the bystander effect, and what effect does it have on hte perpetrator

A

an individual is discouraged to help someone when in the presence of others
the bystander effect encourages the perpetrator

47
Q

what is a toxin handler

A

An informal organizational role that mediates between difficult or powerful individuals and resolves tough conflicts to clear the way forward. Can only be done for a short time as it is very draining

48
Q

what did general colin powell outline as his pillars of leadership

A
  • Regardless of your position, treat others with respect.
  • Have a vision. Communicate it. Hold others accountable.
  • Cut to the chase and focus on what’s really important.
  • Welcome diverse points of view
49
Q

what are the 3 traits that were outlined by dolly parton

A
  • giving
  • forgiving
  • loving
50
Q

benioff the CEO of sales force offered 4 learnings

A
  • first day is for volunteering (1/1/1)
  • Company culture and service should
    be intertwined
  • Teach salespeople to communicate better (sorround new hires with veterans)
  • Growing the company is not the top
    priority
51
Q

what type of leader was MLK

A

he was a situational leader. meaning sometimes he was charismatic, servant, transformation or authoritarian

52
Q

what should you do when you have a conflict of interest in a board voting scenario

A

inform the rest of the board that you have a potential conflict of interest an excuse yourself from the forthcoming discussion and voting

53
Q

6 steps to analyzing a case (not necessarily in order besides final ones)

A

essentially 5ws
- what is the team structure
- who is being affected
- what are the ethical (external), moral (internal), and legal issues
- what is the impact and severity
- what are the applicable frameworks
- what are the options and recommendations
- how can you implement and are there drawbacks

54
Q

what are 2 important things that sport helps us build

A

character and resilience

55
Q

when debating others, we must listen and understand their side of the argument. what are 6 options in doing so

A
  • listen to their explanation and justification
  • does it have to do with banduras framework?
  • what are any common themes
  • is there real or perceived risk
  • how would you counter argument
56
Q

who is at risk of unethical leadership

A
  • Ourselves, our family, employees, collogues, customers
  • The shareholders, organization, neighbours, community, industry
57
Q

we make decisions with system 1 (fast), part of that is heuristics? T/F

A

T

58
Q

education to be a good leader takes a lot of _________ and _______

A

trial and error

59
Q

a leader should have what sort of mindset

A

ownership

60
Q

who should a leader add value to

A

everyone, not only himself

61
Q

a great leader ________ value, rather they ______________

A

does not claim value
aim to create even more value

62
Q

true power is not over people, but

A

through them

63
Q

is there a gap between being noticed for leadership and being effective at it

A

yes

64
Q

what are the three steps in the procsi method of change

A
  • Prepare for the change (what is success)
  • manage the change (plan and act)
  • sustain the change (review performance)

453-2 (6 decks)

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