Second Priority Diseases Flashcards
(104 cards)
1
Q
7 Second Priority Diseases (Hint: B5FSL)
A
• Blackleg
• Bovine anaplasmosis
• Bovine babesiosis
• Bovine tuberculosis
• Brucellosis
• Fasciolosis (Liver fluke disease)
• Surra (Trypanosomiasis)
• Leptospirosis
2
Q
are communicable diseases which are considered to be of socioeconomic and/or public health importance
A
Secondary Priority Disease
3
Q
Diseases which are very serious and spreads rapidly
A
First Priority Diseases
4
Q
Causative agent of True Blackleg
A
Clostridium chauvoei
5
Q
Causative agent of False Blackleg
A
Clostridium septicum,
Clostridium novyi
6
Q
Blackleg is also termed as
A
Clostridial myositis
7
Q
Necrotizing myositis (gas gangrene) is common in what ruminant age?
A
2 months to 2 years old
8
Q
Acute febrile disease of cattle and sheep
A
Blackleg
9
Q
Blackleg distribution
A
Worldwide
10
Q
Which animals are predisposed/ more prone to Blackleg?
A
healthy heavily muscled animals
11
Q
More accurate term for False Blackleg
A
Malignant edema
12
Q
Blackleg is gram +/-?
Aerobic or anaerobic?
A
Gram positive ,
Anaerobic
13
Q
Blackleg is spore/nonspore-forming?
A
Spore forming
14
Q
Case fatality rate of Blackleg
A
100%
15
Q
MOT of Blackleg
A
Soil-borne
16
Q
Endemicity of Blackleg
A
areas where there is occurence of frequent flooding, excavation of soil
17
Q
Mostly affected organs in Blackleg
A
- spleen
- Liver
- Alimentary tract
18
Q
T/F: Blackleg spreads through the feces of animals
A
T
19
Q
T/F: in cases of blackleg, recovered animals are IMMUNE to subsequent attacks
A
T
20
Q
MOT of blackleg that causes herd outbreak
A
Ingestion,
Via open wound
21
Q
What is the causative agent of malignant edema
A
Clostridium septicum
22
Q
Blackleg may occur on which species
A
Cattle,
Buffalo,
Sheep
23
Q
In sheep, which may activate dormant spores?
A
Vaccines with formalin –> damage to muscles/tissue –> activate dormant spores
24
Q
How can sheep get blackleg (2 ways)
A
Trauma,
Wounds
25
In NZ, blackleg is more common in (sheep vs cattle)
Sheep
26
In cattle, blackleg is usually a ____ infection
Endogenous (An infection caused by an infectious agent that is present on or in the host prior to the start of the infection)
27
In blackleg, What causes putrefaction of stomach contents
Absence of motility
28
In blackleg, What depresses the gastric center in the brain
Pyrogens (substances that can produce fever)
29
What should be given if fever is interfering to normal activities
Antipyretics
30
T/F: in blackleg, there is no fever if infection is due to wound
T
31
2 lab tests done for the diagnosis of blackleg
Bacteriology,
Histology
32
Rapid and reliable diagnostic test to detect C. chauvoei
fluorescent antibody test
33
First choice antibiotic for blackleg
Penicillin: 4000-8000IU/kg IM for 4-5days
34
Surgical procedure which may be done in cases of Blackleg
fasciotomy (surgical debridement)
35
Vaccines for blackleg are made up of
Polyvalent bacterin (killed antigens/ bacteria)
36
T/F: Blackleg may be treated by:
-Proper disposal of carcasses (deep burial or burning of the carcass)
-Disinfection
F. Must be "prevented"
37
The primary source of reinfection of a herd with blackleg is:
Animals dying of blackleg
38
In cases of blackleg in sheep, vaccination against ____ predisposes sheep for infection
Enterotoxemia
39
T/F: not all tuberculosis/mycobacterium are chronic and contagious
F. All
40
2 causative agents of bovine tuberculosis
Mycobacterium bovis,
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
41
Bovine tuberculosis produces ____ nodules
Primary caseous nodules
42
Is blackleg contagious?
No
43
Is blackleg zoonotic
No
44
Is bovine tuberculosis zoonotic
Yes
45
Disease with possibility of reverse zoonosis
Tuberculosis
46
T/F: cats and dogs may also be sources of tuberculosis infection
T
47
Mycobacterium organism is excreted via (Hint: FEMS)
Feces,
Exhaled air,
Milk,
Sputum
48
#1 causative agent of tuberculosis
M. bovis
49
#1 cause of infection of Bovine tuberculosis
Consumption or ingestion of raw milk (humans)
50
MOTs of tuberculosis (hint: IDI)
Inhalation,
Direct contact,
Ingestion of contaminated feces in feed
51
Affected organ in cases of tuberculosis
Lungs
52
Mode of entry of tuberculosis (hint: GURS)
GIT,
Skin,
Respiratory tract,
Uterine vein in fetuses
53
#1 cause of Mortality in animals in cases of tuberculosis
Respiratory tract MOT
54
Sources of infection of Tuberculosis (hint: CCSSUFO)
Contaminated milk,
Contaminated feed & water,
Sputum,
Saliva,
Urine,
Feces,
Other animals (cats and dogs)
55
Inhaled tuberculosis bacilli are phagocytosed by ____
Alveolar macrophages
56
In cases of tuberculosis in Buffalo, the color of the intestine and carcass is ___
White
57
In cases of tuberculosis in Cattle, the color of the intestine and carcass is ___
Yellow
58
In cases of tuberculosis in other animals, the color of the intestine and carcass is ___
Grey
59
During necropsy of tuberculosis-infected animals, the pleura of the thoracic cavity have _____
Pearl-like nodules
60
During necropsy of tuberculosis-infected animals, inactive lesions may be ____
Calcified and encapsulated
61
During necropsy of tuberculosis-infected animals, lesions may be found in what organs (4 answers)
Lungs,
Liver,
Spleen,
Kidney
62
Diagnostic tests for tuberculosis (hint: SCIZTP)
Single Intradermal Test,
Comparative Intradermal Test,
Isolation of organism,
Ziehl-Neelsen technique,
Tuberculin Skin Testing,
PCR
63
Drug used to treat active tuberculosis
Isoniazid
64
Vaccine given to prevent tuberculosis;
when incidence is high and test and slaughter programs are impossible
Bacille Calmette Guerin vaccine
65
Reaction to Single intradermal (SID) test is read between ___ and ___
48-96 hrs
66
What Tuberculin are injected simultaneously during Comparative test
Avian and bovine tuberculin
67
Comparative test reaction is read after ____ hrs
72
68
T/F: agents of tuberculosis are obligate parasites
T
69
Brucellosis is also termed as (UMACB)
Undulant fever,
Mediterranean fever,
Abortus fever,
Contagious abortion,
Bang's disease
70
T/F: Brucellosis is either an acute or chronic CONTAGIOUS disease
T
71
On what areas do brucella localize?
Lymph nodes,
Genital organ
72
Causative agent of brucella in cattle
Brucella abortus
73
Brucellosis affects ___ pregnancy in mature cattle
3 months
74
Animals affected by Brucellosis (but are not reservoir) includes (3 answers)
Sheep,
Goats,
Dog
75
Most import disease in beef cattle production (calves)
Brucella abortus
76
Causative agent of brucellosis in goats
Brucella melitensis
77
Causative agent of brucellosis in sheep
Brucella ovis
78
Is brucella zoonotic?
Yes
79
Brucella species that is not zoonotic
Brucella ovis
80
From what material is brucella found
Placenta
81
T/F: brucella may be transferred vertically and horizontally
T
82
Bacteria that causes lymphadenitis
Brucella
83
Brucella bacteria multiples in the
Phagocytes
84
What organs/glands are invaded by brucella (4 answers)
Spleen,
LN,
Mammary gland,
Uterus
85
What produces erythritol
Fetus
86
Stimulates growth of Brucella
Erythritol
87
In cases of brucellosis, abortion takes place after ___ months
5
88
During necropsy of Brucella-infected animal, the placenta is found to be ___
Edematous
89
During necropsy of Brucella-infected animal, the chorion's external surface have ____
Leathery plaques
90
Tube agglutination test is used as diagnostic test in what disease
Brucellosis
91
T/F: to control brucellosis, infected and exposed animals must be slaughtered
T
92
What bacteria:
rod-shaped, endospore-forming aerobic or facultatively anaerobic, Gram-positive bacteria
Brucella
93
lab test done as large-scale screening of sera from buffaloes/carabaos
Brucella Rose Bengal Test
94
2 Major sheep-producing regions
NZ,
Australia
95
Animal source of infection of B. ovis
Ram/ male sheep
96
How is brucellosis passed between rams
Passive venereal infection,
Direct ram-to-ram
97
Vaccine used in cases of sheep brucellosis
live Brucella melitensis Rev 1 strain
98
2 antibiotics given as treatment for sheep brucellosis
Dihydrostreptomycin Sulfate,
Oxytetracycline
99
Goats and sheep are highly susceptible to this species of brucella
Brucella melitensis
100
B. melitensis causes what disease in humans
Mediterranean fever or Malta
101
Brucella species with high risk of bioterrorism/ agroterrorism
B. melitensis
102
Principal manifestation of brucellosis
reproductive failure in males & females
103
Another term for brucellosis
Bang's disease
104
diseases that have potential for very serious and rapid spread
first priority diseases
