Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

FINALS - DERM > secondary skin changes > Flashcards

secondary skin changes Flashcards

(61 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

what is Acanthosis nigricans + where are they

A

symmetrical brown, velvet plaques // neck, axilla, groin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

causes Acanthosis nigricans

A

T2DM // GI cancer // obesity // PCOS // acromegaly // cushings // hypothyroid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what meds can cause Acanthosis nigricans

A

COCP + nicotinic acid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

pathology Acanthosis nigricans

A

insulin resistance –> raised insulin –> raised IGFR1 –> stimulation of keratinocytes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

hisrutism vs hypertrichosis

A

hirsutism = androgen hair growth in women // hypertrichosis = excessive hair growth (not androgen dependent, men or women)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

causes hisrutism

A

PCOS // congenital adrenal hyperplasia // androgen therapy // adrenal tumour // obesity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

meds that cause hisrutism

A

phenytoin, steroids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

assessment hisrutism

A

ferriman-Gallwey score

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

mx hisrutism

A

lose weight // COCP co-cyprindol (VTE risk)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

mx facial hisrutism and contraindication

A

topical eflornithine - not in pregnancy or breastfeeding

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

causes hypertrichosis

A

anorexia // PCT // congenital // drugs eg ciclosporin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what is erythema nodosum

A

inflammation of subcut fat

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

symptoms + duration erythema nodosum

A

tender, red, nodular legions - usually on shins, no scars, last 6 weeks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

causes of erythema nodosum

A

infectio (strep, TB) // sarcoid, IBD, Behcet’s // cancer // meds (penicillin, COCP) // pregnancy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

symptoms + cause pretibial myoexedma

A

symmetrical, red, shiny orange peel - Graves disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

symptoms pyoderma gangrenosum

A

initiall small + red –> large, purple, necrotic ulcers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

cause pyoderma gangrenosum

A

idiopathy // IBD, connective tissue, myeloproliferative

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what is Necrobiosis lipoidica diabeticorum + what is it assoc with

A

shiny, painless red or yellow areas - diabetes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

rash + skin changes SLP

A

butterfly phorosensitive rash (spares nasolavial fold) // discoid // alopecia // livedo reticularis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

what is purpura

A

bleeding from small blood vessels –> non-blancing rash (petichea are small pupura)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

underlying cause pupura

A

low platelets

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

children cause pupura

A

meningococcal // ALL // bleeding disorder // ITP // HSP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

cause pellagra

A

nicotinic acid (b3) deficiency

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

RF pellegra

A

isoniazid, alcoholics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
symptoms pellagra
dermatitis (brown scaly rash around sun areas) // diarrhoea // dementia + depression
26
symptoms zinc deficiency
acrodermatitis (red, crust lesion around mouth + anus + distal limbs) // alopecia // short // hypogonad // cognitive impairment // eating clay or soil
27
what is acrodermatitis enteropathica
recessive disease - defect in zinc absorption
28
when does polymorphic eruption of pregnancy usually occur
last trimester
29
symptoms polymorphic eruption of pregnancy + which area is spared
intense itch, pruitic rash, starts in abdomen, periumbilicus spared
30
mx polymorphic eruption of pregnancy
emollients --> mild topical steroids --> oral steroids
31
most common skin presentation in pregnancy
topic eruption
32
symptoms atopic eruption
eczema like, itchy, red rash
33
symptoms pemphigoid gestationas
itchy, blistering lesions in peri-umbilicus, trunk, back, buttocks, arms
34
when does pemphigoid gestationas develop
2-3rd trimester
35
mx pemphigoid gestationas
oral steroids
36
important, systemic causes of itch (5)
liver disease // iron deficiency anaemia // polycythaemia // CKD // lymphoma
37
symptoms and cause urticaria
allergy --> pale, pink, raised skin (hives, wheals), itchy
38
mx urticaria
1) non-drowsy antihistamines 2) prednisolone
39
drugs causes of urticaria
aspirin, penicillin, NSAIDs, opiates
40
sedating histamines examples
chlorpheniramine
41
SE sedating histamines
antimusciranic eg dry mouth, urinary retention
42
examples non-sedating antihistamines
loratidine, certirizine
43
what is erythroderma
any rash taht covers 95% of the skin
44
causes erythroderma
eczema, psoriasis, drugs eg cold, leaukeamia, idiopathic
45
what is erythroermic psoriasis
progresison to exfoliative phase with plaques over most of body - mild systemic upset
46
what is acute degeneration erythroermic psoriasis
usually caused by steroid withdrawal --> admission
47
what type of reaction is erythema multiforme
hypersensitivity
48
causes erythema multiforme
virus (HSV), bacteria, drugs, SLE, sarcoidosis, malignancy
49
what drugs can cause erythema multiforme
penicillin, sulphonamides, carbamazepine, NSAUDs, COCP
50
most common cause erythema multiforme
HSV
51
symptoms erythema multiforme
target lesions, start on hands --> torso, upper limb more common, not normally very itchy
52
what is erythema multiforme major
severe form - mucosal involvement
53
what drugs cause stevens-johnson
penicillin, sulphonamides, AEDs (lamotrigene, carbamezepine, phenytoin), allopurinol, NSAIDs, oral pill
54
symptoms stevens-johnson
maculopapular, target lesions, nikolsy +ive, mucosal involvement, fever, arthralgia
55
mx stevens-johnson
supportive
56
drugs causing toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN)
penicillin, sulphonamides, carbamezepine, phenytoin), allopurinol, NSAIDs
57
symptoms TEN
systemically unewell, +ive nikolsy, looks like a burn
58
mx TEN
stop drugs // Iv Ig // immunosupression eg ciclosporin or cyclophosphamide // plasmapheresis
59
what is erythema ab igne
exposure to infrared radiaiotn
60
symptoms erythema ab igne
red sipder webs with hyperpigmentation + telangiectasia - elderly women who sits next to open fire
61
drugs causing photosensitivity
amiodarone!! // tetracycline, sulphonamide, cipro // NSAIDs // SUR // thiazide

FINALS - DERM (11 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions