Section 1 Flashcards
Exploring the Functions of Networking (47 cards)
What is a network?
A network is a collection of devices and end systems.
What four major categories make up the physical components of a network?
- Endpoints
- Interconnections
- Switches
- Routers
What are the four major resources that are shared on a computer network?
- Data and Applications
- Endpoint Resources (printers, cameras, etc.)
- Network Storage
- Backup Devices
What are common network user applications on today’s networks?
- Web (Internet and web apps)
- Instant messaging
- Video/collaboration
- Databases
- File Sharing
List three categories of network applications
- Batch applications (started by a person and complete with no interaction. FTP, TFTP)
- Interactive applications (A person requests data and
- Real-time applications
What are the three types of network-monitoring software?
- Protocol Analyzers
- Sniffers
- Availability and Performance Programs
Your company wants to provide streaming video services to all branches and sales representatives. What two network characteristics are the most critical to achieving this goal?
Bandwidth and Latency
When describing the characteristics of a network, what does speed refer to?
Speed refers to how fast data is transmitted over the network.
Today’s networks consist of speeds of 100Mbps, 1Gbps, 10 Gbps, 40 Gbps, and 100 Gbps.
When describing the characteristics of a network, what does cost refer to?
Cost refers to the general financial value of network components, installation, and maintenance.
When describing the characteristics of a network, what does security refer to?
Security refers to protecting the network devices and data from both internal and external sources.
When describing the characteristics of a network, what does availability refer to?
Availability is the measurement of network uptime compared to its downtime.
Network availability percentage can be calculated using the following formula:
([525,600 - Minutes downtime] / [525,600]) * 100
Your CIO wants to know the network availability of your company’s network for the past year. During the past year, the company was down for 30 minutes. What was the total availability of the network?
The total availability was 99.994%
([525,600 - 30] / [525,600]) * 100 = 99.994
When describing the characteristics of a network, what does scalability refer to?
Scalability refers to how well the network can accommodate more users and more data – in other words, how easily the network can grow and expand.
When describing the characteristics of a network, what does reliability refer to?
Reliability refers to the dependability of the devices that make up the network.
What is the difference between the physical and logical network topology?
Physical topology defines the physical layout of devices and network media and how these components are physically connected and configured.
Logical topology refers to the data path or logical paths of the network in which data accesses the media and transmits packets across it. This includes IP addresses as well as routing paths.
What are the six types of physical topologies implemented in today’s networks?
- Star
- Extended Star
- Mesh
- Partial Mesh
- Bus
- Ring
What physical network topology connects all devices to one cable?
The Bus topology connects all devices to one cable.
This cable connects one computer to another. In a logical bus topology, only one packet can be transmitted at a time.
Describe a ring physical network topology.
In a ring topology, all hosts and devices are connected in the form of a ring or circle.
Describe a star and extended star topology.
Star and extended star physical topologies are made up of a central connection point, such as a hub or switch, where are cable segments connect. A startopology resembles spokes in a bicycle wheel and is the network topology of choice in Ethernet networks.
When multiple star topologies are connected to a common indipendent centralized device, it is called an extended star topology.
What physical network topology connects all devices to each other?
A mesh network topology connects all devices to each other for fault tolerance and redundancy.
What is the difference between a full-mesh and a partial-mesh topology?
A full-mesh topology connects all nodes to one another for full redundancy. In a partial-mesh topology, at least one node maintains multiple connections to all other devices and one node cannot connect to all other nodes as well.
What are the seven layers of the OSI reference model? Include the layer number and name of each layer in your answer.
The seven layers of the OSI reference model are as follows:
- Layer 7: Application layer
- Layer 6: Presentation layer
- Layer 5: Session layer
- Layer 4: Transport layer
- Layer 3: Network layer
- Layer 2: Data Link layer
- Layer 1: Physical layer
What are six reasons that the OSI reference model was created?
1: To ensure that different vendors’ products can work together.
2: To create standards to enable ease of interoperability by defining standards for the operations at each level.
3: To clarify general functions of internetworking
4: To divide the complexity of networking into smaller, more manageable sublayers
5: To simplify troubleshooter
6: To enable developers to modify or improve components at one layer without having to rewrite and entire protocol stack.
What is the function of the physical layers (layer 1) in the OSI model? Give some examples of physical layer implementation.
The physical layer defines the physical medium. It defines the media type, the connector type, and the signaling type. The physical layer is responsible for converting frames into electronic bits of data, which are then sent or received across the physical medium.
