Section 1- ab Flashcards
(15 cards)
Explain melting
solid-liquid
particles gain energy
forces break
Explain evaporation
liquid- gas
particles gain energy
forces break
Explain condensation
gas-liquid
particles lose energy
Explain freezing
liquid-solid
particles lose energy
Explain sublimation
gas-solid
What is the white cloud formed when ammonia and hydrochloric acid reacts?
ammonium chloride
Why does ammonium chloride form off centre?
Ammonia particles smaller and lighter so diffuse quicker
Define an atom
all substances are made up of this fundamental building block
What is the difference between a molecule and an element?
Molecule- group of atoms held together by covalent bonds some are the same atoms some different
Element- made up of one type of atom
What is the difference between a compound and a mixture?
Compounds- made up of two or more different elements chemically bonded
Mixtures- elements and compounds mixed together with no chemical bonds.
What method separates a liquid from a solution?
simple distillation
What method separates a mixture of liquids from solution?
fractional distillation
What does filtration separate?
insoluble solids from liquids
what does crystallisation separate?
soluble solid from solution
Give examples for each separation method
Simple distillation- sodium chloride +water
Fractional Distillation- crude oil
Filtration- sand + water
Crystallisation- copper sulphate + water