Section 1- ab Flashcards

(15 cards)

1
Q

Explain melting

A

solid-liquid
particles gain energy
forces break

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2
Q

Explain evaporation

A

liquid- gas
particles gain energy
forces break

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3
Q

Explain condensation

A

gas-liquid

particles lose energy

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4
Q

Explain freezing

A

liquid-solid

particles lose energy

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5
Q

Explain sublimation

A

gas-solid

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6
Q

What is the white cloud formed when ammonia and hydrochloric acid reacts?

A

ammonium chloride

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7
Q

Why does ammonium chloride form off centre?

A

Ammonia particles smaller and lighter so diffuse quicker

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8
Q

Define an atom

A

all substances are made up of this fundamental building block

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9
Q

What is the difference between a molecule and an element?

A

Molecule- group of atoms held together by covalent bonds some are the same atoms some different
Element- made up of one type of atom

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10
Q

What is the difference between a compound and a mixture?

A

Compounds- made up of two or more different elements chemically bonded
Mixtures- elements and compounds mixed together with no chemical bonds.

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11
Q

What method separates a liquid from a solution?

A

simple distillation

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12
Q

What method separates a mixture of liquids from solution?

A

fractional distillation

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13
Q

What does filtration separate?

A

insoluble solids from liquids

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14
Q

what does crystallisation separate?

A

soluble solid from solution

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15
Q

Give examples for each separation method

A

Simple distillation- sodium chloride +water
Fractional Distillation- crude oil
Filtration- sand + water
Crystallisation- copper sulphate + water

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