Section 1 - Intro. To Feedstuffs Flashcards
(46 cards)
What are the 3 considerations for feed selection?
1) Determine goals of animal and daily feed intake.
2) Identify nutrient requirements
3) Select ingredients to help meet goals
Define “Animal Response”
Is the specific thing (quality) about an animal that we are trying to adjust through nutrients.
Define “Margin of Safety”
Does not harm the animal but likely harms environment, profitability. If it becomes too wide it can harm the animal and affect profitably
What are the nutrient goals in COMPANIONSHIP animals?
-maximize lifespan
-improve quality of life of pet or owner
-prevent long-term diseases, such as diabetes.
-very stable requirements once at maturity.
What are the nutrient goals in PRODUCTION animals?
-maximize profit by optimizing production efficiency.
-Avoid over-feeding nutrients
-improve quality of the animal product.
-nutrient requirements are constantly changing.
What are the nutrient goals for PERFORMANCE animals?
-maximize productive lifespan
-optimize bone and joint health
-once at maturity, very stable requirements
What is an animals response impacted by?
1) the animals dry matter intake of a nutrient.
2) the feedstuffs physical and chemical characteristics
3) the animals genetic potential
When it comes to dry matter intake, which is better? (Low, moderate, or high?)
Moderate
Define “limit fed”
Impacted by amount a human provides it each day
Define “Fed Ad libitum”
Means it is fed “at its will.” Impacted by the animals GI capacity vs. the volume of feedstuffs
How much per body weight can HORSES eat?
1.5% of BW
How much per body weight can CATTLE eat?
2-3% of BW
How much per body weight can SHEEP & GOATS eat?
3-4% of BW
How much digestive capacity do horses have?
8%
How much digestive capacity do sheep have?
57%
How much digestive capacity do pigs have?
29%
Define “Dry Matter Intake (DMI)”
The quantity of feed an animal consumes daily, EXCLUDING water
What is the equation for DMI?
Animal daily feed intake (ADFI) X dry matter of the feed = DMI
What are 2 feedstuff characteristics?
1) composition of nutrients (moisture, starch, fiber, amino acids, etc.)
2) Digestibility by different species
2 characteristics of genetic potential?
1) Quantity of nutrient needed for maintenance
2) genetic potential for deposition of muscle vs. adipose tissue
What 2 things should we think about when identifying nutrient requirements?
1) required nutrients for maintenance vs. production
2) genetic potential
What 3 things should we think about when selecting ingredients to help meet goals?
1) practicality and availability
2) least cost of providing required nutrients
3) impact on marketable factors of health
What are the 6 essential nutrients for all animals?
1) water
2) carbohydrates
3) Fat
4) Proteins (or amino acids)
5) Vitamins
6) Minerals
Which 4 out of the 6 essential nutrients have specific requirements?
1) Water
2) Proteins (or amino acids)
3) Vitamins
4) Minerals
