Section 1: Mobile Devices Flashcards

1
Q

1.1 - Laptop Hardware

Lap top Batteries.

A
  • The power source (battery) when plugged. May be easily replaced or require a teardown. 5 mins vs 1 hr
  • Lithium-Ion (Li-ion) and Lithium-Ion polymer (LiPo) are common batteries: No memory effect. Charging the battery diminished capacity.
  • Different form factor for each laptop: Battery types and styles can vary. Battery technology is changing constantly
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2
Q

1.1 - Laptop Hardware

Laptop keyboard

A
  • The most-used component of the laptop: Can be easy to replace. A few screws and a single ribbon cable involved. May not always be this simple.
  • Or connect an external USB keyboard. Not very portable.
  • Due to less space on keyboard, extra function keys are used and the layout of the keyboard is adjusted.
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3
Q

1.1 - Laptop Hardware

Laptop keys

A
  • Some repairs might require the removal or replacement of a key cap. Delicate procedure.
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4
Q

1.1 - Laptop Hardware

Laptop memory

A
  • Small Outline Dual In-line Memory Module (SO-DIMM) is used in laptops and mobile devices for additional memory.
  • Memory used in laptops and mobile devices: Often easy to install and replace.
  • Some laptop memory is soldered to the system board. No upgrade available. Requires a full system board replacement
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5
Q

1.1 - Laptop Hardware

Laptop storage

A
  • Magnetic disk: Traditional spinning drive platters. 2.5 form factors (3.5 inch for desktop)
  • SSD (Solid-state drive): Spinning hardrive with static connection. All memory, no moving parts. Silent, fast access time, less latency. 2.5 inch form factors
  • SSD M.2 (M stands for module): Smaller form factor. No SATA data or power cables. Easy to install and replace.
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6
Q

1.1 - Laptop Hardware

Replacing laptop storage

A
  • All internal. Open a cover on the back / open the entire laptop to gain access to the storage area.
  • Can be very modular. Two screws and the drive slides out.
  • M.2 drives are even easier. One screw. Similar to RAM installation.
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7
Q

1.1 - Laptop Hardware

Migrating from HDD to SSD

A
  1. An impressive upgrade: Move from spinning mechanical drive to solid state memory. It’s almost like getting a new laptop.
  2. Install an OS on the SSD: Move user documents between drives. Install required applications. Can be time consuming.
  3. Image/clone the HDD: No OS installation required. Move everything from one to the other.
  4. Imaging software needed. Sometimes inculded with the SSD.
  5. Create an image files. One drive at a time.
  6. Drive-to-drive image: Image directly from one drive to the other.
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8
Q

1.1 - Laptop Hardware

802.11 wireless and bluetooth

A
  • Wirelss network connectivity: Connect without wires.
  • 802.11: Local area network (LAN). High speed. Internet access.
  • Bluetooth: Personal area network (PAN). Short range. Connect peripherals and other nearby services.
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9
Q

1.1 - Laptop Hardware

Biometrics

A
  • Sign in or unlock your laptop with a fingerprint reader or face recognition.
  • Requires additional configuration in the OS. Hardware required for most options.
  • Relative secure: Faces and fingerprints are unique.
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10
Q

1.1 - Laptop Hardware

Near-field communication (NFC)

A
  • Short-distance networking: 4 cm or less. Data transfers or authentication.
  • Common on mobile phones and smart watches. Payment method on your wrist.
  • Use it for authentication without typing a password. Used in settings such as hospital workstations, warehouses and manufacturing.
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11
Q

1.2 - Laptop Display

Portable LCD

A
  • Liquid crystal display (LCD): Light shines through crystals.
  • Advantages: Lightweight, relatively low power, relatively inexpensive
  • Disadvantages: Black levels are a challenge. Requires separate backlight. Florescent, LED etc. Lights are difficult to replace.
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12
Q

1.2 - Laptop Display

LCD Technologies

A
  • TN (Twisted Nematic) LCD: Original LCD technology. Fast response times (gaming). Poor viewing angles - color shifts
  • IPS (In Plane Switching) LCD: Excellent color representation. More expensive to produce than TN
  • VA (Vertical Alignment) LCD: Compromise between TN and IPS. Good color representation. Slower response times than TN.
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13
Q

1.2 - Laptop Display

OLED

A
  • Organ Light Emitting Diode (OLED): organic compound emits when receiving an electric current.
  • Thinner and lighter: Flexible and mobile. No glass needed.
  • No backlight: Organic compound provides the light.
  • Found in tablets, phones, smart watches. Very accurate color representation. More expensive than LCD
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14
Q

1.2 - Laptop Display

Wifi antennas

A
  • Multiple antennas: Wifi main and aux. Bluetooth.
  • Antenna wires wrap around the laptop screen. It’s up high.
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15
Q

1.2 - Laptop Display

Webcam

A
  • Video capture: Built-in camera and microphone
  • Usually includes both audio and video. Specializes drivers and software.
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16
Q

1.2 - Laptop Display

Microphone

A
  • Built into the laptop display. Useful for video calls
  • Not good for non-causal use. Analog or USB microphones can help
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17
Q

1.2 - Laptop Display

Flourescent vs LED backlighting

A
  • CCFL - Cold Cathode Fluorescent Lamp: Higher voltage and power needed. Added thickness to the display. No longer a common backlight. Older laptops will uses these.
  • LED-backlit LCD display: Backlight is LEDs instead of flourescent LCD around the edge of the screen An array of LEDs behind the screen The latest laptops are LED-backlit.
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18
Q

1.2 - Laptop Display

Backlight and inverter

A
  • LCD displays need a backlight: Florescent lamp/ LED to LCD display to your eyes.
  • Some laptops have inverters. Turn DC (from laptop) to AC (in backlight)
  • Verify backlight: Look closely .Use a flashlight.
  • May need to replace the LCD inverter or display. Choose carefully.
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19
Q

1.2 - Laptop Hardware

Digitizer

A
  • Use a pen-like device as input: Stylus input. Useful for graphical input
  • Used commonly on laptop / tablets or hypbrid devices.
  • Converts analog to digitized input for devices.
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20
Q

1.2 - LCD Display

Touchscreen

A
  • Merge laptop and tablet input: Digitizer responds to touch. No keyboard required, but often still available.
  • Many options for input: Use the best one for the job.
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21
Q

1.3 - Connecting Mobile Devices

Connecting mobile devices

A
  • Phones and tablets: many different ways to connect
  • Wired and wireless connectivity: standards and options change through the years
  • Used for synchronization, connectivity, backup, and identification: sometimes simultaneously
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22
Q

1.3 - Connecting Mobile Devices

USB

A
  • Universal Serial Bus: High-speed wired communication. Used for charging and data transfers
  • Micro-USB: A smaller USB connection. Common worldwide.
  • Older Devices may use Mini-USB: slightly larger
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23
Q

1.3 - Connecting Mobile Devices

USB-C

A
  • 24-pin double-sided USB connector: Used for both hosts and devices
  • Acts as a USB 2.0/3.0/3.1/3.4 connection: Different signals can use the same connector
  • Can transmit other signals: DisplayPort, HDMI, Thunderbolt
24
Q

1.3 - Connecting Mobile Devices

Lightning

A
  • Apple proprietary: 8-pin digital signals. iPhone and iPad devices
  • Some advantages over Micro-USB: Higher power output for phones and tablets. Can be inserted either way. Simple design. Charges devices faster.
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# 1.3 - Connecting Mobile Devices Serial interfaces
* DB-9: Also called DE-9. * Commonly used for RS-232 signals: Recommended standard 232. An industry standard 1969 * Serial communications standard: Traditionally used for modem connections. * Now used as a configuration port: Switches, routers, firewalls etc. Use a USB to DB-9 convertor cable.
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# 1.3 - Connecting Mobile Devices NFC
* Near Fielc Communication: Send small amounts of data wirelessly over a limited area * Built into your phone: Payment systems, transportation, in-person information exchange * Acces token, identity "card": Short range with encryption support
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# 1.3 - Connecting Mobile Devices Bluetooth
* High speed communication over short distances: PAN (Personal Area Network) * Connects our mobile devices: Smartphones, tethering, headsets and headphones, health monitors, automobile and phone integration, smartwatches, external speakers.
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# 1.3 - Connecting Mobile Devices Hotspot
* Turn your phone into a WIFI hotspot: Your own personal wireless router. Extend the cellular data network to all of your devices * Dependent on phone type and provider: May require additional charges and data costs.
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# 1.3 - Mobile Device Accessories Touch pens
* Touchscreen pen/ touch screen stylus/ capacity stylus: activate the interface without actually touching it. * Handwriting: Note taking, signatures * Precise selection: Easier to see the screen
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# 1.3 - Mobile Device Accessories Active stylus
* Digital stylus: a more advances writing tool. For artists. * The stylus communicats directly to the device: Pressure sensitivity, programmable buttons, etc. * Must be compatible with tablet: e.g., Apple iPad uses an Apple pencil
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# 1.3 - Mobile Device Accessories Drawing pad
* Use an active stylus with an external digitizer: Very precise input. * Third-part device: Support across many operating systems
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# 1.3 - Mobile Device Accessories Trackpad
* Replace the mouse: Useful in tight working areas. Common on laptops. * External options: Battery powered. Blutooth connected. * Drag and tap: Or use multiple finger input for right-clicking, zooming, and window control * Enable and disable: Avoid inadvertent mouse clicks and movement using function key
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# 1.3 - Mobile Device Accessories Headsets
* Hands-free audio: Earphones and microphone * Wired: USB connections are common laptops. Connects to 3.5 mm TRRS (tip-ring-ring-sleeve) connector. Analog audio jack. iPhone can use lighning port. * Wireles: Bluetooth headsets.
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# 1.3 - Mobile Device Accessories Speakers
* Mobile Audio: battery powered * Wireless connection: Bluetooth link * Stero sound: small package
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# 1.3 - Mobile Device Accessories Camera / webcam
* Internal or external : Commonly external on desktops, internal on laptops/tablets/phones * Accessible from multimedia applications, photo utilities, and video conferencing: Real-time video communication
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# 1.3 - Mobile Device Accessories Docking Station
* Docking station: Use external keyboard and mouse. Extend existing lapton interfaces. Add addition functionality. Desktop adopter cards. Avoid cable issues.
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# 1.3 - Mobile Device Accessories Port replicator
* Port replicator: Similar to a docking station. Does not commonly have an expansion card option. Usually connects via USB.
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# 1.4 - Cellular Standards Cellular networks
* Mobile devices: "cell" phones * Separate land into "cells": Antenna coverages a cell with certain frequencies * 2G networks: GSM (Global System for Mobile Communications) and CDMA (Code Division Multiple Access) * Poor data support: Originally used circuit-switching. Minor upgrades for some packet-switching.
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# 1.4 - Cellular Standards GSM
* Global System for Mobile Communications: Mobile networking standard * 90% of the market: Originally an EU standard. Worldwid coverage. * Used by AT&T and T-mobile in the US: Move your SIM card (Subscriber Identity Module) from phone to phone. * Original GSM standard used multiplexing: Everyone gets a little slice of time.
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# 1.4 - Cellular Standards CDMA
* Code Division Multiple Access: Everyone communicates at the same time. Each call uses a different code. The codes are used to filter each call on the receiving side. * Used by Verizon and Sprint: Handsets are controlled by the network provider. Not much adoption elsewhere.
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# 1.4 - Cellular Standards 3G Technology
* 3rd Generation: Introduced in 1998 * Upgraded data connectivity over 2G: Incremental 3G updates improved speeds. Usually several megabits per second. * Bandwidth improvement allowed new functionality: GPS, Mobile television, Videon on Demand.
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# 1.4 - Cellular Standards 4G and LTE
* Long Term Evolution (LTE): A "4G" technology. Converged standard (GSM and CDMA providers). Based on GSM and EDGE (Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution). Standard supports download rates of 150 Mbit/s * LTE Advanced (LTE-A): Standard supports download of 300 Mbit/s
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# 1.4 - Cellular Standards 5G
* Fifth generation cellular networking: Launched worldwide in 2020 * Significant peformance improvements: At higher frequencies. Eventuallay 10 gigabits per second. Slowe speeds from 100-900 Mbit/s * Significant IoT impact: Bandwidth becomes less of a constraint. Larger data transfers. Faster monitoring and notification. Additional cloud processing.
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# 1.4 - Cellular Standards Updates
* PRL updates: Preferred Roaming List. CDMA networks (verizon, Sprint) * Allows your phone to connect to the right tower ( Can be updated over the air)
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# 1.4 - Cellular Standards Hotspot
* Turn your phone into WIFI hotspot: Your own wireless route. Extend the cellular data network to all of your devices. * Dependent on phone type and provider: May require additional charges and data costs.
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# 1.4 - Mobile Device Connectivity Bluetooth pairing
* Connect a Bluetooth device: Built-in security. Use or verify PIN * Pair the devices one time: Future connections should be automatic * Check with the manufacturer: May prefer a specific sequence. Discoverable mode isn't alway obvious.
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# 1.4 - Mobile Device Connectivity Bluetooth pairing process
* Enable Bluetooh on both devices: Android and iOS: Settings / Bluetooth * Set devices to discoverable mode: May require key sequence on Bluetooth device. * Select discovered device: Many devices may appear * Enter or confirm PIN: Should be the same on both devices. * Test connectivityL Devices should now communicate.
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# 1.4 - Mobile Device Connectivity GPS (Global Positioning System)
* Created by the US Department of Defense: Over 30 satellites currently in orbit * Precise navigation: Need to see at least 4 satellites. * Determines location based on timing difference: longitude, latitude, altitude * Mobile device location services and geotracking: Maps, directions. Determine physical location based on GPS, WiFi and cellular towers.
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# 1.4 - Mobile Device Connectivity MDM (Mobile Device Management)
* Manage company-owned and user-owned mobile devices: BYOD - Bring Your Own Device. * Centralized management of the mobile devices: Specialized functionality. * Set policies on apps, data, camera, etc.: Control the remote devie, the entire device or a "partition" * Manage access control: Force screen locks and PINs on these single user devices.
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# 1.4 - Mobile Device Connectivity MDM configurations
* Corporate email configuration: User does not need to configure anything. The MDM makes the changes on the device. Account details, server address, communication method. * Two-factor authentication: Require specific authentication types. Biometrics, pseudo-random authentication app. * Corporate applications: Allow or restrict app installation. Prevent unauthorized app usage.
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# 1.4 - Mobile Device Configurations Configuring a mobile device
* Many settings are preconfigured: Telephone / text messaging * Email: Everyone handles email services differently. Corporate email configuration can vary. * Data synchronization: Based on data rate and speeds. Important for backup and recovery.
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# 1.4 - Mobile Device Configurations Microsoft 365
* Outlook, Exchange: Microsoft's email service. Usually the same hotmail and Outlook.com * Authenticate to Microsoft 365: Username, password * Select the items to synchronize: Changes in Outlook will appear on the mobile device. * Same process for Google Workspace: Formerly known as a G suite.
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# 1.4 - Mobile Device Configurations iCloud
* Integrate into iOS and iPadOS: Provide an iCloud username and password. * Select synchronization options: Extensive customization * Synchronize to macOS: Use your desktop, laptop, or mobile device.
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# 1.4 - Mobile Device Configurations Synchronizing data
* Data types: mail, pictures/music/video, calendar, contacts. * Data caps and transfer costs: cellular vs 802.11. Enable or disable network connections. Control the use of cellular downloads.
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