Section 1- Motion, Forces And Conservation Of Energy Flashcards

(38 cards)

1
Q

scalar

A

Quantities that have magnitude but not direction

Eg.speed,distance,mass etc

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2
Q

vector

A

-quantities with a magnitude (size) and a direction

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3
Q

equation for speed distance time

A

D

SxT

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4
Q

acceleration

A

The change in velocity in a certain amount of time

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5
Q

equations for acceleration

A

A=(v-u)/t

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6
Q

equation for gradient

A

Y
—-
X

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7
Q

what is Newton’s 1st law?

A

A force is needed to make something start moving, speed up or slow down

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8
Q

what is Newton’s 2nd law?

A

Acceleration is proportional to the resultant force

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9
Q

what is Newton’s 3rd law?

A

When two objects interact the forces they exert on each other are equal and opposite

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10
Q

explain distance time graphs

A

-

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11
Q

explain velocity time graphs

A

-

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12
Q

equation for momentum

A

P= m x V

Momentum=mass x velocity

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13
Q

equation for force

A

Force= change in momentum/time

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14
Q

centripetal force

A
  • a force which is moving in a circle
  • travelling at a constant speed
  • the velocity is constantly changing
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15
Q

how to investigate motion

A

-

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16
Q

stopping distance

A

The time it takes for something to stop eg. A car

It includes thinking distance and braking distance

17
Q

reaction time

A

The time it takes for someone to react

Things that affect your reaction time include tiredness,alcohol, drugs and distractions

18
Q

what are the factors that affect stopping distance?

A

•the condition of the brakes
worn or faulty

•the mass of the car
A full car won’t stop as quickly

•how much friction between tyres and the road
If the road is icy or wet

19
Q

what are the factors that affect reaction time?

20
Q

equation for energy in the car

21
Q

how to estimate the distances involved in stopping

22
Q

kinetic energy

A

Anything moving has energy in its kinetic energy store

23
Q

chemical energy

A

Anything that can release energy by a chemical reaction

24
Q

definition of gravitational potential energy

A

Anything in a gravitational field (ie.anything that can fall)

25
elastic potential energy
Anything stretched, like springs, rubber bands etc
26
equation for GPE
GPE= m x g x h
27
equation for KE
KE= 0.5 x mass x (speed)²
28
how can energy be transferred between stores
``` In 4 main ways: •mechanically •electrically •by heating •by radiation ```
29
equation for efficiency
-
30
explain how to make the use of energy more efficient
-
31
non-renewable energy
* will run out * typically burnt to provide energy Eg. Coal, oil and natural gas
32
renewable energy
* won’t run out * better for the environment * may be unreliable or not provide as much energy Eg.biofuels, wind, solar, hydro-electricity, tides
33
give examples of non-renewable energy sources
-
34
what affect does non-renewable energy sources have on the environment?
-
35
Thermal energy
Any object- the hotter it is, the more energy it has in this store
36
Electrostatic energy
Eg. Two charges that attract or repel each other
37
Magnetic energy
Two magnets that attract or repel each other
38
Nuclear energy
Atomic nuclei release energy from this store in nuclear reactions