Section 2: Fundamental Networking Concepts

Question 1

Some benefits of a network:

Answer 1

Share resources
Communication
Redundancy
Internet Access
Single point of administration

Question 2

LAN

Answer 2

High Speed 1 GB to 10GB per second
Centrally Located within a building

Question 3

WAN

Answer 3

Slower than LANs
Connects geographically different sites
Sites connect to service providers
VPN can function as a WAN

Question 4

MAN

Answer 4

Limited availability
Redundant
Very High Speed

Question 5

CAN

Answer 5

High speed
Interconnect nearby buildings
Easy to add redundancy

Question 6

PAN

Answer 6

Interconnects two devices
Limited distance
Limited Throughput
Example: Bluetooth

Question 7

What is a WLAN?

Answer 7

-Devices connect via Radio waves
-Wireless clients communicate via Wireless Access Point
Flexibility
-More mobile due to no cable needed for end clients

Question 8

What is a Physical Bus Topology?

Answer 8

-An outdated topology
-Often use coax cables
-Devices in an area would connect to the coax cable via Vampire Tap
-The bandwidth is shared between all connected devices
-One frame can be transmitted at a time while connected on coax cable.
-CSMA/CD was a standard that was implemented to make sure that only one frame is sent at a time.

Question 9

What is CSMA/CD?

Answer 9

Carrier-Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection

Question 10

What does Carrier Sense do?

Answer 10

Listen for any frames that may or may not be transmitting.
Then, it decides whether to send frames or not.

Question 11

What causes a collision?

Answer 11

A collision is caused when two frames are sent at the same time.

Question 12

Explain the CSMA/CD Process

Answer 12

1. The device checks if frames are transmitting over the wire
2. If no, then the device will send it’s frame
3. However, if another device simultaneously sends a frame then a collision will occur.
4. Both devices will retransmit after a random number will be selected from a backoff timer.