Section 2 - Socio-cultural influences Flashcards
(34 cards)
How can family influence participation ?
parents might encourage or discourage sport
if your family play sport then you are familiar with it at a young age - you may have more opportunities
How can friends influence participation ?
you are influenced by people the same age as you
if your friends play a sport you will want to join in
How can role models affect participation ?
encourage more people to play their sport
How can gender influence the sports you play ?
some sports have less media cover for women therefore have less female participation
less coverage means less sponsors which means less opportunities
gender stereotypes e.g. women shouldn’t be aggressive and vice versa
How can ethnicity and religion influence participation ?
religous festivals and days impact on when you can play sport
racism and racial abuse used to be a big problem
governing bodies have encouraged participation of sports through more positive role models
policies like the ‘rooney rule’ in american football says you must interview at least one ethnic minority candidate for any head coaching job helping create more opportunities
How have sports been adapted for the disabled ?
adapting sports e.g. wheelchair basketball
creating new sports e.g. boccia (like bowls for wheelchairs) and goalball (like handball for the blind)
including disabled and able bodied to play along side to challenge stereotypes
given more media coverage e.g. paralymics
more disabled role models e.g. ellie simmonds
How can your socio-economic group effect participation ?
the amount of money affects which sports you play e.g on equipment or fees
some require specialist facilities
some require transport
if you work irregular hours you might miss training times
if you work long hours or have family commitments then you don’t have the time to join a club
How does age affect the sports you play ?
16-30 have lots of choices
50 > have physical limits
high intensity / endurance events can damage bodies if started to young (age restrictions)
young people have more spare time
How does PE in school affect participation
allows students to become familiar with sport
some find it embarrassing
some don’t like competing so school is better
can bring in outside agencies
good teachers inspire students
facilities can limit whats on offer
Definition of commercilism
managing sport in a way designed to make profit - mostly through sponsorship + media
types of sponsorship
financial
clothing + equipment
facilities
types of media
television
radio
the press
internet
social media
How is sponsorship and sport connected ?
sponsors make money by sponsoring good teams
the sponsor deals mean big money for the sport which can be spent on equipment, transport etc
players and officials get good wages so can train full - time
How is the media and sport linked ?
media pays sport for coverage, sport spend money to develop new players
media coverage = more participation
media coverage = role models
media coverage = positive and negative fame
media hold a lot of power over participation, rules, increased timings can lead to player injury
watching on TV saves fans money but means a decrease in ticket sales
media analysis puts officials under pressure
media analysis educates spectators
How is sponsorship and the media linked ?
more media coverage = more views = more valuable sponsors
increased likelihood of sponsorship = high money demand
What are the negatives of sponsorship ?
only available to top players
bad behavior reflects badly on sponsor or player loses sponsorship
athletes have to fulfill contract e.g. going to events
athletes get into trouble when seen using another companies kit / equipment
adverts are boring for spectators
What sponsors are inappropriate ?
cigarette and tobacco promote bad health and are banned in the EU
alcoholic drinks promotes bad health
watched by children so could encourage young people to drink / smoke / eat unhealthily
How does technology help players performance ?
better materials for equipment / clothing e.g. swimwear
improvements to facilities e.g. all weather pitches
better protective clothing and medical technology
video footage helps analyse performance
they are expensive
worries that sport becomes for about technology and less about skill
What are the advantages and disadvantages of technology helping officials ?
Advantages :
make sport more fair
help validate decisions = increased respect
Disadvantages :
they are expensive
undermine authority of officials
video play can take a long time
What is sporting etiquette?
following the unwritten rules and conventions of the activity
What is sportsmanship?
playing within the rules, upholding spirit of the game and using sports etiquette
What is gamemanship?
gaining the advantage by using tactics that push the rules without breaking them
What is contract to compete?
an agreement between competitors to comply with all the rules
List all the performance enhancing drugs (PED)
Beta blockers
Diuretics
Narcotic analgesics
Stimulants Anabolic agents (steroids)
Peptide hormones (EPO)
