section 3 Flashcards

1
Q

who were jesuits

A

catholic priests who were specially trained to convert people back to Catholicism

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2
Q

when did jesuits begin to arrive in england

A

1580s

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3
Q

where did jesuits train

A

special seminaries in catholic countries

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4
Q

who was the leader of jesuits in england

A

Edmund Campion

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5
Q

who hid jesuits and where

A

hidden by wealthy Catholics in secret priest holes

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6
Q

how many jesuits hid

A

around 100

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7
Q

who was Francis walsingham

A

privy councillor who developed an effective spy network

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8
Q

what was walsingham’s spy network

A

hundreds of agents tracked down jesuits and catholic plotters and priest hunters caught catholic priests

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9
Q

what happened to Campion

A

in 1581 he was captured by Walsingham’s agents
hanged drawn and quartered

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10
Q

who was mary queen of scots in relation to Elizabeth

A

her catholic cousin

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11
Q

why did Mary leave scotland

A

forced to flee from a protestant rebellion

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12
Q

from when had Mary been in prison in england

A

1568

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13
Q

why did people believe Mary’s claim to the throne was strong

A

she had a son and heir : James

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14
Q

how was Mary a threat of catholic rebellion

A

She was next in line to the throne and it encouraged catholics to rebel/ plot assassination

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15
Q

who were Marys foreign supporters

A

Philip of Spain, the French, the Pope

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16
Q

why did Elizabeth refuse to execute Mary

A

her cousin, did not want to execute a fellow queen

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17
Q

who was Throckmorton

A

a young catholic noble who plotted to invade england and put mary on the throne

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18
Q

who supported the throckmorton plot

A

Philip of Spain and the pope

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19
Q

when was the throckmorton plot

20
Q

what happened to throckmorton

A

walsingham’s spies uncovered the plot, he was tortured and executed

21
Q

who was Babington

A

a young catholic noble who plotted to invade and put mary on the throne

22
Q

who did Babington plot with?

A

Philip of Spain and the french

23
Q

when was the babington plot

24
Q

how did babington communicate with mary

A

hiding coded letters in beer barrels that went into mary’s prison

25
what did walsingham do about the babington plot
discovered the system and waited until he had proof of marys involvement
26
when was mary of scots executed
1587
27
why did elizabeth sign mary's death warrent
Cecil and Walsingham manipulated her into signing it
28
how was Mary queen of scots killed
beheaded
29
Elizabeths reaction to Marys execution
furious and refused to talk to Cecil for a year
30
when did an anglo spanish war break out
1580s
31
when was the spanish armada
1588
32
who did elizabeth refuse to marry at the start of her reign
Philip of spain
33
who stole gold from spanish treasure ships
English privateers such as Francis Drake- Elizabeth knighted Drake
34
how many soldiers did elizabeth send to the netherlands
7000
35
when did Elizabeth send soldiers to the Netherlands
1585
36
why did Elizabeth send soldiers to the Netherlands
to support protestant rebels fighting Philip of Spain's army
37
What was the Spanish armada
Philip's invasion fleet on 130 ships
38
What was the plan for the Armada
to sail to the Netherlands, pick up 20,000 spanish soldiers, invade England and reintroduce Catholicism
39
how many ships made it back to spain
80
40
who was the leader of the Armada
Duke of Medina Sidonia
41
what was the problem with the leader of the Armada
he had no experience sailing and got sea sick
42
how late were the spanish army and why was this bad
a week late leaving the armada vulnerable to attack
43
what did the english use to break the Armada's crescent formation
fireships
44
why were english ships better
smaller and more manoeuvrable
45
what happened to the Armada
driven north by a storm and forced to return to spain via scotland and ireland, over 40 ships shipwrecked
46
what happened to other armadas Philip sent
two more armadas sent in the 1590s but both wrecked by a storm