Section 3 Flashcards
(26 cards)
acids
proton donors
bases
proton acceptors
nitric acid
HNO3
ethanoic acid
CH3COOH
Ammonia
NH3
acid and water reaction
HA + H2O H3O+ + A-
base and water reaction
B + H2O BH+ + OH-
Strong acid and bases
favours forward reaction
H+ ions are released - all of acid will dissociate
Weak acids and bases
favours backwards
not as many H+ ions
Acid base reaction
Salt and water
Acid metal reaction
salt and hydrogen
acid metal oxide reaction
salt and water
acid and metal hydroxide
salt and water
acid and metal carbonate
salt
carbon dioxide and water
water of crystallisation
water in a lattice
hydrated salt
solid salt containing water of crystallisation
anhydrous salt
doesn’t contain water of crystallisation
theoretical yield
the mass of product that should be formed in a reaction
percentage yield
actual yield / theoretical yield
atom economy
the proportion of reactant atoms that become part of the desired product in the balanced equation
atom economy equation
desired products / sum of all products
addition reaction
the reactants combine to make one product
substitution reaction
where some of the atoms from one reactant are swapped with atoms from another reactant
why is atom economy expensive
money to separate wanted product from waste product
not efficient
