Section-3; Photosyntheis and Cellular Respiration Flashcards
(22 cards)
define autotroph.
self feeder- make their own food
define photosynthesis
when plants use sunlight to convert water and carbon dioxide into carbohydrates.
define heterotroph
must obtain energy by eating other organisms
identify the molecule or company that organisms use to store energy
plants store energy in the form of glucose/cellulose which is used by other organisms to create ATP/fat.
what happens when phosphate is removed from ATP?
ATP becomes ADP and energy is released.
chemical equation for photosynthesis?
6CO2+6H2O–(light)–> C6H12O6+6O2
Why are plants green?
Chlorophyll absorbs red and blue light and reflects green light.
why are humans and plants dependent on each other?
Plants take in carbon dioxide and water to create sugars and oxygen through the process of photosynthesis. Animals eat the plants and breakdown those sugars in the presence of oxygen during cellular respiration and create energy and carbon dioxide.
Describe the relationship between the light reaction and the Calvin cycle.
The light reactions create energy, NADPH and ATP which is used to power the Calvin Cycle.
Explain the function of stomates.
The stomates open and close to allow for gas exchange, carbon dioxide in and oxygen out.
Are light-dependent and light-independent the same thing? explain.
No, light dependent reactions take place in the thylakoids membrane and requires sunlight.
Light independent reactions take place in the stroma and do not not require light. They use the ATP from the light reactions to make sugar.
explain the affect of the following on the rate of photosynthesis; temperature
if the temperature is too hot or too cold, the rate of photosynthesis will slow.
explain the affect of the following on the rate of photosynthesis; Light intensity.
As light intensity increases, the rate of photosynthesis increases until the point where all electrons are excited.(woo!)
explain the affect of the following on the rate of photosynthesis; Enzyme Action.
If the temperature is correct, the enzymes will increase the rate of photosynthesis reaction. If the temperature is too high or too low, the enzymes will fail to catalyze the reaction.
explain the primary source of the Calvin Cycle.
to produce glucose.
describe the relationship between photosynthesis and cellular respiration.
the products created in photosynthesis are the reactants in for cellular respiration.
chemical equation for cell respiration.
C6H12O6+6O2–(light)–>6 CO2+6H2O+ 36 ATP
two types of fermentation and when they occur.
Lactic Acid Fermentation- occurs in muscle cells during strenuous exercise.
Alcoholic Fermentation- occurs in plant and yeast cells.
*fermentation produces NAD+ that cycles back to glycolysis.
what molecule is needed to start glycolysis?
glucose.
Aerobic respiration and its steps?
(with oxygen) After glucose is converted into pyruvic acid in the cytoplasm, the pyruvic acid travels to the mitochondrial matrix to enter the Krebs Cycle, where ATP, NADH and FADH2 are created. From there, the NADH and FADH2 travel to the inner membrane where electron transport happens to create more ATP.
Anaerobic Respiration and its steps?
(without oxygen duh) After glucose is converted into pyruvic acid during glycolysis if no oxygen is present then fermentation occurs allowing for glycolysis to continue.
Which step of cellular respiration produces the most ATP
ETC-32 ATP
