Section 4: Computer Networks

Question 1

Networking

Answer 1

The sharing of information and resources through linked computer systems

Question 2

Types of network classifications via connection patterns

Answer 2

Bus: machines connected to a single communication line
Star: single machine acts as the single point for connection
Ring: devices connect directly to each other as peers, forming a circle
Mesh: every device is connected to every other device in the network

Question 3

Cluster computing

Answer 3

Using many computers to work comparable to a larger machine; can be more cost effective.

Question 4

Transmission media

Answer 4

Components that carry data from one network device to another. Wired or wireless

Question 5

Coaxial cables

Answer 5

First used in the 1940s and used for base band and broadband. The bandwidth is about 80 times that of twisted wires

Question 6

Base band

Answer 6

Signal at a very narrow frequency range on which info is superimposed and transmitted. An example would be ethernet LANs.

Question 7

Broadband

Answer 7

High capacity transmission technology used to transmit data across long distances in at high speeds

Question 8

Fiber optic cable

Answer 8

Able to transmit a lot of data. About 26,000 times the bandwidth of twisted pear wires

Question 9

Malware

Answer 9

Any software designed to cause damage to a computer

Question 10

Virus

Answer 10

Any software program that inserts itself into existing programs in a computer

Question 11

Worm

Answer 11

An autonomous program that forwards copies of itself to other devices on the network

Question 12

Spyware

Answer 12

Collects information about computer activities

Question 13

Phishing

Answer 13

Sending emails posing as a legitimate business asking for information

Question 14

Denial-of-service (DoS)

Answer 14

Overloads a computer with messages in order to suffocate network resources

Question 15

Packet sniffing/Man-in-the-middle (MITM)

Answer 15

Intercepts data traveling to and from a device.

Question 16

Brute force attack

Answer 16

Uses all possible combinations of characters to learn a password

Question 17

Dictionary attacks

Answer 17

Uses an application and large text file to try many words and combinations to figure out a password.

Question 18

Hash values

Answer 18

Passwords stored as scramble text

Question 19

Rainbow Tables

Answer 19

Tries to identify hash values, then converts it back to the plain text password

Question 20

CIA of Computer Security

Answer 20

Confidentiality
Integrity
Accessibility

Question 21

Firewalls

Answer 21

Blocks outgoing messages with certain destination addresses or blocks incoming messages from suspicious sources

Question 22

Proxy server

Answer 22

Software that acts as an intermediary between a client and a server in order to protect the client

Question 23

Encryption

Answer 23

Encodes information in order to keep it confidential even if the data is stolen