Section 6 OBJ 3.2: Memory

Question 1

Random Access Memory (RAM)

Answer 1

Used to load applications and files into a non-persistent and fast storage area

Question 2

Cache

Answer 2

High speed memory inside the processor
Data moves from hard disk -> memory -> cache

Question 3

Mass Storage Device

Answer 3

permanent storage that holds more data but is slower than a cache

Question 4

Disk Cache

Answer 4

pulls files from the disc into the memory and replaces the old file

Question 5

Addressing memory

Answer 5

processor reaching the files inside the RAM

Question 6

Data Pathway

Answer 6

to send and receive information

Question 7

Address pathway

Answer 7

to determine where the data is stored

Question 8

32-bit (x86) address limit

Answer 8

4 billion address locations
(4GB limit)

Question 9

64-bit address limit

Answer 9

184 quintillion address locations
(16 EB)

Question 10

Single bank

Answer 10

can put any size memory into any slot

Question 11

paired bank

Answer 11

requires installation of banks in pairs

Question 12

Dual Data Rate (DDR)

Answer 12

most common type of memory in modern systems

Question 13

Rambus Dynamic Random Access Memory (RDRAM)

Answer 13

older memory in legacy systems
measured in nanoseconds

Question 14

Throughput

Answer 14

calculated based on the bus speed and the width of the data bus

Question 15

Dynamic RAM (DRAM)

Answer 15

oldest type of memory that requires frequent refresh

Question 16

Static RAM (SRAM)

Answer 16

solved the issue of constant refresh from DRAM but was expensive

Question 17

Synchronous DRAM

Answer 17

first memory module that operates at the same speed as the motherboard bus

Question 18

Double Data Rate Synchronous Dynamic RAM (DDR SDRAM)

Answer 18

Doubles the transfer speed of a SRAM module (184-pin connector)

Question 19

DDR2 SDRAM

Answer 19

Higher latency but has faster access to the external bus (240-pin connector)
ex: PC2-4200 means 4200 MB/s or 4.2 GB/s

Question 20

DDR3 SDRAM

Answer 20

Runs at a lower voltage and at a higher speed than DDR2 (240 pin)
Throughput is 6.4-17 GB/s with a max size of 8GB per module
ex: PC3-10600 means 10600 MB/s or 10.6 GB/s

Question 21

DDR4 SDRAM

Answer 21

12.8 to 25.6 GB/s of throughput
max size of 32 GB per module
PC4

Question 22

DDR5 SDRAM

Answer 22

38.4 to 51.2 GB/s of throughput
max size of 128 GB per module
PC5

Question 23

Small Outline Dual In-line memory module (SODIMM)

Answer 23

usually for laptops
still classified in DDR3, DDR4, or DDR5
ex: SODIMM PC4-16000

Question 24

Multi-Channel Memory

Answer 24

Uses two different memory modules to increase the performance and throughput

Question 25

Interleaving

Answer 25

Multiple memory modules working together to provide better performance, typically more than what each one could achieve on its own

Question 26

Single-Channel

Answer 26

Uses one memory module on one bus (64-bit)

Question 27

Dual-Channel

Answer 27

Uses two memory modules in two memory slots on the motherboard (128-bit data bus)

Question 28

Triple-Channel

Answer 28

3 memory modules, 3 memory slots 192-bit data bus

Question 29

Quad-Channel

Answer 29

4 memory modules, 4 memory slots 256-bit data bus

Question 30

Error Correcting Code (ECC)

Answer 30

detects and corrects an error in memory slower than parity

Question 31

Non-Parity Memory

Answer 31

standard memory that does not check for errors and allows data to be put in or taken out

Question 32

Parity Memory

Answer 32

performs basic error checking and ensures integrity slower than non-parity

Question 33

parity check

Answer 33

a basic calculation to check if data is correct and usable

Question 34

parity bit

Answer 34

a ninth bit at the end of every byte to verify memory integrity found by adding the value of all the bits together can only be a 0 or 1

Question 35

Buffered/Registered memory

Answer 35

Additional hardware (register) between memory and CPU

Question 36

Virtual Memory/Page File

Answer 36

space on hard drive that is allocated by the OS and pretends to be memory used when memory runs out and is a temporary solution called page file on windows, swap space on linux

Question 37

Three types of memory

Answer 37

Cache memory (inside CPU) RAM/System memory Virtual RAM/Virtual memory