Section A: Nutrition and Feed

Question 1

How much water will a 1,000 pound horse drink per day

Answer 1

6 - 12 gallons per day

Question 2

In extremely cold weather, which will produce more body heat when eaten, hay or grain?

Answer 2

Hay produces more heat

Question 3

What are the 2 basic classifications of forages?

Answer 3

Legumes & grasses

Question 4

What is the most important factor affecting the quality of a forage at the time of harvesting?

Answer 4

Stage of maturity

Question 5

What is the most common method used to process forages?

Answer 5

Baling

Question 6

What is the oldest & most common method of selecting hay?

Answer 6

Visual appraisal

Question 7

What is the most economical source of supplemental protein?

Answer 7

Soybean meal

Question 8

What are the 2 most important dietary energy components in feeds?

Answer 8

Fats & carbohydrates

Question 9

What is the most commonly cubed forage?

Answer 9

Alfalfa

Question 10

What is the device used to collect samples for analysis in baled hay?

Answer 10

Bale probe or bale core

Question 11

What is the deficient amino acid in hays & grains?

Answer 11

Lysine

Question 12

Typically horses receive nutrients for what 3 general sources?

Answer 12

Hay, pastures & grains

Question 13

Which feed is used extensively in diets for horses that have respiratory problems such as heaves?

Answer 13

Beet pulp

Question 14

What is probably the simplest & least expensive dry method of processing grains?

Answer 14

Grinding

Question 15

Which nutrients are usually considered to be the body’s fuel?

Answer 15

Energy nutrients (carbohydrates & fats)

Question 16

Describe the color of a good quality hay.

Answer 16

Bright, leafy green

Question 17

Where is most of the nutrient value found in hays?

Answer 17

Leaves

Question 18

What is the most readily available grain in most sections of the country?

Answer 18

Corn

Question 19

What type of hay is the best hay for horses?

Answer 19

Good quality grass-legume mixed hay

Question 20

Which hays tend to be the least dusty?

Answer 20

Good grass hay

Question 21

What are the 2 basic types of forages?

Answer 21

Grasses & legumes

Question 22

Name the 2 minerals that the horse relies most heavily on for bone formation.

Answer 22

Calcium & phosphorus

Question 23

Name the 2 basic classifications of forages.

Answer 23

Legumes & grasses

Question 24

Name 2 ways that barley & milo should be processed before using them in a horse feed.

Answer 24

Crimped or rolled (milo can also be ground)

Question 25

Pelleting hay can reduce the storage space requirements by how much?

Answer 25

Up to 75%

Question 26

How much more digestible energy is contained in grains than in hays?

Answer 26

Grains have 50 - 60% more

Question 27

Which nutrient plays an important role in physiology of performance horses & is essential for fluid balance, nerve & muscle functions & acid-base balance?

Answer 27

Minerals

Question 28

Lysine is a type of what nutrient?

Answer 28

Protein (amino acid)

Question 29

Name 2 disadvantages of feeding straight oats for grain.

Answer 29

Cost per unit of energy & variations in quality

Question 30

Which feed by-product is made by drying the residual beet chips after the sugar has been extracted?

Answer 30

Beet pulp

Question 31

If you put extruded & pelleted feed each in a separate container of equal volume, which would weigh more?

Answer 31

Pelleted feeds may weigh twice as much as extruded feeds

Question 32

In feeding management, what is the wicking effect?

Answer 32

Uptake of ground moisture into a bale of hay

Question 33

What nutrients are harder for an older horse to digest?

Answer 33

Proteins, phosphorus, fiber

Question 34

What are 5 forms of harvested forages?

Answer 34

Square bales, round bales, hay cubes, chopped hay, pelleted hay & silage

Question 35

How can the likelihood of blister beetle poisoning be reduced when feeding alfalfa hay from the southwest?

Answer 35

Feed early season first cutting alfalfa

Question 36

How many mineral elements are required in diets of horses?

Answer 36

21

Question 37

What percent of protein should be in a suckling foal's creep feed?

Answer 37

16 - 18% protein

Question 38

How much concentrate can be fed at one time?

Answer 38

Never more than 0.75% of the horse's body weight

Question 39

What is quidding?

Answer 39

Dropping partially chewed feed from the mouth

Question 40

Which nutrient is commonly involved as co-factors for the enzymes that convert fat & carbohydrates into energy?

Answer 40

Vitamins

Question 41

Feral & other free-ranging horses will spend how long grazing per day in good forage?

Answer 41

10 - 12 hours

Question 42

What is the form of stored fuel for exercise of high intensity & short duration?

Answer 42

Glycogen

Question 43

What is the primary site for digestion & absorption of fats?

Answer 43

Small intestines

Question 44

What is the average weight of a small bale of hay?

Answer 44

40 - 80 pounds

Question 45

What is the maximum amount of concentrates that should be fed at any one feeding?

Answer 45

No more than .75% of horse's body weight

Question 46

How many different minerals are required in the diet of horses & what are the 2 classifications of them?

Answer 46

21 different minerals classified as micro & macro (major) minerals

Question 47

What class of nutrients do thiamine, riboflavin & folic acid belong to?

Answer 47

Vitamins

Question 48

Which nutrient is an important structural component for muscle tissue, growth & tissue maintenance?

Answer 48

Proteins

Question 49

What is the term for the units of measure that describes the amount of energy needed by a horse & is equal to 1,000 calories?

Answer 49

Megacalories

Question 50

There are considerable differences in density among horse feeds. Therefore, feeding measurements should not be by volume but by what method?

Answer 50

Feed by weight

Question 51

What does TDN stand for

Answer 51

Total Digestible Nutrients

Question 52

Name the fat soluble vitamins?

Answer 52

A,D,E,K