Section A Understand The Importance Of Managing Personal Finance Flashcards

(73 cards)

1
Q

What is interest rate?

A

The proportion of an amount that is charged as interest to the borrowers

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2
Q

What is credit rating?

A

A score given to individuals on how likely they are to repay debts based upon their previous actions

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3
Q

What is solvent?

A

The ability to meet day-to-day expenditure and repay debts

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4
Q

What is debt

A

Money owed

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5
Q

What does it mean to be bankrupt?

A

When an individual or organisation legally states its inability to repay debts

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6
Q

What are the 4 functions of money; explained.

A

Functions of money:
Legal tender -
• It is a legally recognised form of payment
•Money is widely recognised and used for transactions such as buying goods/services, paying a deposit for a house, receiving wages

Unit of account -
• It allows us to place a monetary value on goods and services
• The price of goods and services show the unit of account
Means of exchange -
• it allows us to trade
•businesses and customers can buy and sell goods and services using money eg pay for lunch
Store of value -
• it allows us to use it in the future as it keeps its value
•you can have money in a bank account or at home which can be used to buy goods and services in the future

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7
Q

How does personal attitude influence the view of money?

A

Individuals will vary their attitudes towards money/spending. Examples:

Risk averse - avoid taking risks
Likely to take risks - enjoy potential rewards
Focus on saving - influenced by family attitudes

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8
Q

How do life stages influence the view of money?

A

Young people are less concerned about money whereas when you grow older, with debts etc., your attitudes change.

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9
Q

How does interest rates, costs of borrowing versus reward of saving, influence the view of money?

A

Interest rates are the proportion of an amount that is charged as interest to the borrower .
When interest rates are low = more likely to borrow money or spend on credit

When rates are high = more of an incentive to share

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10
Q

What are the financial needs in childhood and where would the money come from?

A

Financial needs:
Food/drinks
Clothes
Toiletries
Nappy’s
Toys

Source of finance:
From parents/carers
Pocket money
Gifts

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11
Q

What are the financial needs in adolescence and where would the money come from?

A

Financial needs:
Food/drinks
Clothes
Toiletries
Electronics

Source of finance:
From parents/carers
Pocket money
Gifts
Part time job in late adolescence

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12
Q

What are the financial needs in young adulthood and where would the money come from?

A

Financial needs:
Food/drinks
Clothes
Toiletries
Electronics
Taxes
Rent
Education
Insurance
Pension
Transport

Source of finance:
Jobs
Gifts
Help from parents

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13
Q

What are the financial needs in middle age and where would the money come from?

A

Financial needs:
Food/drinks
Clothes
Toiletries
Electronics
Taxes
Rent or mortgage
Insurance
Pension
Transport
Dependence from children

Source of finance:
Jobs
Inheritance

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14
Q

What are the financial needs in old age and where would the money come from?

A

Financial needs:
Food/drinks
Clothes
Toiletries
Electronics
Mortgages or rent
Insurance
Dependence from kids
Transport

Source of finance:
Pension inheritance

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15
Q

How can planning your spending help you avoid getting into debt?

A

Allows you to save money to pay for bills and taxes and many more

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16
Q

How can planning your spending help you to control costs?

A

-Allows you to save money for the future
-Helps with organisation
-Helps you know what you have to pay

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17
Q

How can planning your spending help you avoid legal action and /or repossession (take something away)

A

-makes you look good with money to banks and businesses so you can earn their trust to lend money
- means you always have money in your banks count

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18
Q

How can planning your spending help you remain solvent (have enough money to spend)

A

-saves money
- having multiple savings
- allows you to be able to pay for bills
-manage debts

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19
Q

How can planning your spending help you maintain a good rating?

A

-save money
-pay money back on time, loans and bills and more

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20
Q

How can planning your spending help you avoid bankruptcy

A

-allows you to have enough money to keep you alive
-save money

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21
Q

How can planning your spending help you manage money to fund purchases

A

-saves money and helps organisation so you know what to pay

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22
Q

How can planning your spending help you generate income and savings

A

Helps save your money and not spend it all at once. Allowing more income in your savings

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23
Q

How can planning your spending help you set financial targets and goals

A

Helps allow you to plan the future and organise what money you will need ahead of time for your goals

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24
Q

How can planning your spending help you provide insurance against loss or illness

A

-if you spend less and plan what you spend insurance companies will see you more liable
-if something breaks insurance will help cover the costs financially

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25
How can planning your spending help you counter the effects of inflation
-save money for inflation -spend carefully -find cheaper dupes
26
What is a current account? Include types.
A current account is an account with a bank or building society that is designed for frequent use. Money can be paid in and withdrawn on a daily basis without the need to give notice. Types: Standard Packaged, premium Basic Student
27
Give pros and cons to a STANDARD current account
**pros:** - No charges on credit balances - Offers the holder a wide range of facilities. - Convenient for receiving regular payments **cons** - potentially high charges on the use of an overdraft facility - standard features only
28
Give pros and cons to a PACKAGED PREMIUM current account
**pros** - no charges on credit balances - offers wide range of facilities - convenient for receiving regular payments - offers the holder additional perks at a packaged price cheaper than acquiring them individually **cons** - additional monthly charge is frequently applied - package offered may not offer value for money or meet the needs of the individual account holder
29
Give pros and cons to a BASIC current account
**pros** - available to customers with a low credit rating - offers an easy first step for individuals to gain access to basic banking facilities **cons** - limited facilities
30
Give pros and cons to a STUDENT current account
**pros** - course fees and student loans can be easily handled - bonuses offered are designed to meet the needs of learners **cons** - overdraft facilities could encourage overspending - charges for overspending are high - limited facilities
31
Give advantages and disadvantages of using cash
**Advantages:** - Most widely accepted form of exchange - Makes budgeting easier **Disadvantages:** - Can be lost or stolen - cannot be used online
32
What is a debit card
A payment card that deducts money straight away from your account when you make a payment
33
Give advantages and disadvantages of Using a debit card
**Advantages:** - Accepted almost everywhere - Good to keep track of money **Disadvantages:** - Can only spend what is in your bank account
34
What is a credit card
A payment card that is used for purchases but can be paid for later
35
Give advantages and disadvantages of using a credit card
**Advantages:** - Accepted everywhere - Can pay later if you have an insufficient amount **Disadvantages:** - Must pay interest - Could lead to debt
36
Give advantages and disadvantages of using a cheque
**Advantages:** - It is secure because nobody else can cash it off but the recipient - No change has to be given **Disadvantages:** - Can be lost or stolen - It's a long process
37
What is an electronic transfer
the processing of money online into another account
38
Give advantages and disadvantages of using an electronic transfer
**Advantages:** - Can pay someone instantly - easy and quick **Disadvantages:** - Potential scammers and fraud - If details are wrong money may go to a different person
39
What is direct debit
An arrangement made with a bank that allows a third party to take money at an agreed date
40
Give advantages and disadvantages of using direct debit
**Advantages:** - Can be a varying amount - Done automatically **Disadvantages:** - Wrong money may come out - There is no warning because it is automatic so you are unaware
41
What is a standing order
It is like direct debit but it is set up by you and it is a set amount every month
42
Give advantages and disadvantages of using a standing order
**Advantages:** - You have more control - Set up personally by the payer **Disadvantages:** - It will keep going until you cancel it even if you don't have sufficient amount of money
43
What is a prepaid card
Pre-paid cards, sometimes called everyday spending cards, are debit cards that operate on a pay-as-you-go basis. You can simply top it up with money whenever you want to use it and spend as you would normally.
44
Give advantages and disadvantages of using a prepaid card
**Advantages:** - Can set a budget in advance to avoid overspending - If lost or stolen the loss is limited to the remaining balance **Disadvantages:** - Sometimes requires an initial fee to purchase the card
45
Give advantages and disadvantages of using a contactless card
**Advantages:** - Don't have to remember the pin - quick and easy process **Disadvantages:** - Can be stolen and used to pay
46
What is a charge card
It is similar to a credit card, you buy things, pay back later with high interest
47
Give advantages and disadvantages of using a charge card
**Advantages:** - Can pay later **Disadvantages:** - can lead to debt - Must pay interest
48
What is a store card
It is like a credit card but for a particular store
49
Give advantages and disadvantages of using a store card
**Advantages:** - No spending limit **Disadvantages:** - Must pay back a monthly charge, if not you pay high interest
50
Give advantages and disadvantages of using mobile banking
**Advantages:** - Easy and quick - Can be accessed no matter where you are **Disadvantages:** - Cannot do everything on the app - hard to access customer service
51
What is banker's automated clearing service (BACS) faster payment
It is a system that allows the transfer of payments directly from one bank account to another
52
Give advantages and disadvantages of using a banker's automated clearing service
**Advantages:** - Money will be in account within two hours - Can be accessed online or in a bank branch **Disadvantages:** - You can only transfer a certain amount
53
What is a clearing house automated payment system (CHAPS)
It is a system that allows the transfer of payments directly from one bank account to another
54
Give advantages and disadvantages of using a clearing house automated payment system
**Advantages:** - No limit to transfer - Can be accessed online or in a bank branch **Disadvantages:** - Time limit to transfer money; for example, you must transfer by two PM or will be transferred next day
55
What is insurance premium
What you must pay for your insurer to insure you
56
What is insurance excess
Insurance excess is the amount you have to pay towards the overall cost of an insurance claim. It's usually a pre-agreed amount. Your insurer will then contribute the rest
57
What affects how much your insurance will cost
Risk affects how much your insurance will cost, and how many times you claim
58
What are the two types of car insurance and what are they
1. Comprehensive If you crash it covers both cars involved. It covers theft, fires etc. 2. Third party Only covers The other car involved in the crash
59
An overdraft is a type of borrowing. Give pros and cons
**Pros** - It is flexible and simple to arrange **Cons** - Limits to how much you can borrow - Usually high interest - The bank decides when you must pay back by
60
A personal loan is a type of borrowing. Give pros and cons
**Pros** - Higher borrow limit - Builds a credit score **Cons** - Still interest added - Potential credit score damage
61
A hire purchase is a type of borrowing. Give pros and cons
**Pros** - Pay in small amounts - Payment flexibility - No taxes charged **Cons** - Higher cost of financing - Loss of any returned goods
62
A mortgage is a type of borrowing. Give pros and cons
**Pros** - Different types of mortgages available - Gradual payments **Cons** - Takes awhile to process before it can start - Puts you into a lot of debt
63
A credit card is a type of borrowing. Give pros and cons
**Pros** - Fraud protection - Paying for purchases over time **Cons** - Pay interest - Credit can be damaged - Could overspend and get into debt
64
A payday loan is a type of borrowing. Define what it is
It is a short time loan for small amounts of money
65
A payday loan is a type of borrowing. Give pros and cons
**Pros** - Flexibility - Small amounts paid easily **Cons** - High interest - Not for long term
66
Premium bonds are a type of saving/investment. Define what it is
An investment product where you can win money in monthly draws
67
Bonds and gilts are a type of saving/investment. Define what it is
Investing into the business or if a gilt - the government, to help with public spending – in return you receive interest.
68
Individual savings accounts are a type of saving/investment. Give pros and cons
**Pros** -greater flexibility -easy to transfer -easy to open and access -inheritance benefits -potential to earn interest **Cons** -income tax implications -no quick investments -not easy to withdraw funds
69
Deposit and savings accounts are a type of saving/investment. Give pros and cons
**Pros** -steady interest -keeps money safe -enables instant pay services -automated bills payment **Cons** -Variable interest rates may change -transaction limits may apply -fees may be charged depending on the bank -interest rates typically lower
70
Pensions are a type of saving/investment. Give pros and cons
**Pros** -lower overall charges -tax relief on contributions -easier management of pension savings with just one scheme. **Cons** -lack of access until you are of age -risk of poor returns -not all pensions are transferable -risk of company bankruptcy
71
Premium bonds are a type of saving/investment. Give pros and cons
**Pros** -have a prize draw and can win a large amount of money -backed by government -tax free -easy access -easy withdraw led anytime -no risk of losing money **Cons** -don’t earn any interest -risk of overpayments -no regular income
72
Bonds and gilts are a type of saving/investment. Give pros and cons
**Pros** -investment returns are fixed -offers regular interest payments -safe investment **Cons** -exposed to inflation -low risk -if the business doesn’t do well, you can lose your money
73
Shares are a type of saving/investment. Give pros and cons
**Pros** -limited liability for the debts of the company -ability to invest in different sectors -ownership stake of a business -claims on assets and dividends of a company **Cons** -risk of losing money -privacy issues -taxes on dividends