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Xray Cardiovascular system section D > Section D > Flashcards

Section D Flashcards

(120 cards)

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1
Q

What are the layers of a blood vessel?

A

Intima, muscular media, and adventitia

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2
Q

The inside space of a tubular structure is ?

A

lumen

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3
Q

Arteries carry ___

A

oxygenated blood away from heart to tissue

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4
Q

Veins carry____

A

deoxygenated blood to the heart

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5
Q

The pulmonary vein can carry blood oxygenated blood, true/false

A

true

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6
Q

Whats the blood flow through the heart?

A

Vena cava–Right atrium– tricuspid valve– Right ventricle–Pulmonary valve–Pulmonary trunk– Right & Left Pulmonary arteries–arterioles–capillaries– Pulmonary veins– Left atrium–mitral valve–Left ventricle–Aortic valve–Aorta– delivered to rest of body

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7
Q

From the heart( aorta); to the rest of the body; back to the heart is called ?

A

systemic circulation

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8
Q

From the heart(pulmonary arteries); to the lungs; back to the heart

A

Pulmonary circulation

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9
Q

Systole is ?

A

contraction of the heart

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10
Q

Diastole is ?

A

relaxation of the heart

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11
Q

Angiogram is a radiograph of ?

A

blood vessels after contrast is injected

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12
Q

Arteriogram is a radiograph of ?

A

an artery after contrast is injected

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13
Q

A venogram is a radiograph of ?

A

a vein after contrast is injected

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14
Q

The thoracic aorta is made up of ?

A

ascending aorta, descending aorta, aortic arch

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15
Q

The FIRST branches off the aorta are the ?

A

right and left coronary arteries

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16
Q

What arteries supply the heart with blood ?

A

The right and left coronary arteries

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17
Q

What branches off the aortic arch ?

A

brachiocephalic, left common carotid and left subclavian

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18
Q

What branches off the brachiocephalic?

A

Right subclavian and right common carotid

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19
Q

When doing an abdominal aortogram the contrast is injected?

A

retrograde

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20
Q

The abdominal aorta extends from ?

A

the diaphragm to bifurcation of common iliac

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21
Q

Abdominal aorta is anterior to vertebral column– true or false

A

true

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22
Q

The first main ventral branch off the aorta?

A

celiac trunk

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23
Q

What are the three branches off the celiac trunk

A

left gastric, splenic, hepatic

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24
Q

What supplies the small and large intestines ?

A

the superior and inferior mesenteric

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25
The superior branch is ventral (anterior) --true or false
true
26
What is just inferior to celiac trunk?
superior mesenteric
27
The renal arteries are ____ to the superior mesenteric artery
inferior
28
The renal arteries are at the level of the interspace between what vertebrae?
1 and 2 lumbar vertebrae
29
Lateral branches off the aorta are ?
the renal arteries
30
Inferior to renal arteries
inferior mesenteric
31
Which vessels will be demonstrated best on an AP projection of the aorta ?
renal arteries
32
Which vessels will be best demonstrated on a lateral projection of the aorta ?
celiac trunk, superior and inferior arteries
33
____ branches into radial and ulnar artery?
brachial artery
34
What are the upper extremity arteries ?
subclavian, axillary, brachial artery
35
The common iliac arteries bifurcate into ___
internal and external iliac arteries
36
Common iliac arteries are __cm
5
37
What artery supplies blood to the pelvis area?
internal iliac
38
____ is continuous with the common femoral?
external iliac
39
The common femoral bifurcates into ___ and ___
deep and superficial femoral
40
What artery is continuous with popliteal ?
superficial artery
41
The popliteal trifurcates into___
anterior tibial, peroneal and posterior tibial
42
what artery is on dorsum of foot?
dorsalis pedis
43
The ___ vena cava receives blood from the upper part of the body
superior
44
The___ vena cava receives blood from the lower part of the body
inferior
45
For a upper extremity venogram the contrast is injected __
In the hand , antegrade
46
For a SUPERIOR vena cava angiogram ______
Injection can be made into an IV in upper extremity, or can be performed via catheter insertion
47
For a INFERIOR vena cana angiogram____
catheter insertion only
48
For a lower extremity venogram the contrast is injected _____
in the top of the foot, antegrade , table may be angled to slow progression of contrast
49
The portal vein collects blood from ----
the stomach, intestines, spleen, and pancreas
50
The portal vein delivers blood to the ___
liver
51
The _____vein exits the liver and empties into the vena cava
hepatic
52
The liver has how many blood supplies ?
2
53
The liver receives blood from ?
hepatic artery and portal vein
54
Portal vein supplies with liver with ____
deoxygenated blood
55
The hepatic artery supplies the liver with ____
oxygenated blood
56
Performed to identify disease ____
diagnostic anteriograms
57
Performed to treat disease; therapeutic
Interventional Radiography procedures
58
No break in the skin occurs
Non-invasive
59
A small break in the skin occurs--needle puncture
Minimally invasive
60
Involves surgery; incision
invasive
61
To put a catheter into is called ?
catheterize
62
All interventional radiography is done with digital fluoroscopy--true or false
true
63
A technique used in IR where everything is subtracted from the picture except contrast filled blood vessels
digital subtraction
64
The access needle used for an anteriogram is called __
hypodermic needle
65
Stainless steel wire ; the guide wire is inserted first; the catheter is threaded over
guide wire
66
A short catheter that maintains the blood vessels access
sheath
67
A plastic hollow tube; transports contrast from outside of the body to a location inside the body
catheter
68
On a catheter the distal end is the ___
tip; placed into body
69
On a catheter the proximal end is the __
the hub; the part that attaches to tubing
70
Blood work needed for anteriogram ____
PT, PTT, INR, ACT--tells pts tendency to bleed
71
Test that tells pt kidneys function__
BUN/Creatinine
72
Risks of catheterization
bleeding, dissection, infection, thrombus formation
73
What is an occlusion?
blockage
74
what is ischemia?
decreased blood supply
75
What is infarction?
tissue death due to decrease blood supply
76
necrosis is ?
dead area of tissue
77
what is an embolism?
a blood clot travels to a smaller blood vessel and blocks it
78
A percutaneous approach of accessing a blood vessel (before this the blood vessel had to be surgically exposed--a cut down)
seldinger method
79
Bright blood, pulsatile
arterial access
80
Darker blood, not pulsatile
venous access
81
After procedure the blood vessels must be closed--arteries are held for ?? veins are held for??
arteries 20 minutes , veins 10 minutes
82
Hemodynamics is ?
recording blood pressures within a blood vessel or chamber of a heart
83
Pressure in arteries is ?
120/80
84
Pressure in veins is ?
5 (no pulse)
85
(RHC) right heart catheterization is accessed through?
the vein
86
(LHC) Left heart catheterization is accessed through?
an artery
87
Atherosclerosis is ?
an accumulation of plaque in the arteries
88
What is stenosis?
narrowing of an artery
89
During atherosclerosis a cap forms over the ___
plaque
90
The plaque plus the cap is called ?
a lesion
91
The plaque is highly ___
thrombogenic --prone to forming clotts
92
Intimal hyperplasia is when?
The artery tries to heal itself
93
Aneurysm is ?
an abnormal bulging
94
What does AAA stand for ?
abdominal aortic aneurysm
95
What is dissection?
separation of layers of a blood vessel results in the formation of a true or false lumen
96
something that travels to a small blood vessel and blocks it is called ?
embolism
97
Usually causes blood clots to form in the atria
Atrial fibrillation
98
Blood clots from the right atrium can travel to the ___ arteries and cause a pulmonary embolism
pulmonary
99
Blood clots from the left atrium can travel to the ____ and cause a cerebral embolism
brain
100
What is DVT stand for ?
deep vein thrombosis
101
PAD stands for ?
Peripheral arterial disease (occurs in extremities)
102
cramp like pain in the legs is due to ?
PAD
103
CVA stands for ?
cerebral vascular accident
104
TIA stands for ?
transient ischemic attack
105
What are the 2 types of stroke
Ischemic (blockage) or Hemorrhagic ( bleeding )
106
AVM is?
Arteriovenous malformation , tumor of blood vessels -congenital
107
Most common interventional procedures?
increase blood flow
108
What are the interventional procedures?
increase blood flow, decrease blood flow, remove foreign bodies
109
What is epistaxis?
nose bleed
110
hemoptysis
coughing up blood
111
What is angioplasty?
ballooning of artery
112
stent is?
a device that supplies support to a tubular structure
113
Atherectomy is ?
actual removal of plaque
114
Thrombolysis is ?
to dissolve a clot
115
Thrombectomy is ?
remove blood clot
116
Foreign bodies can be---
guide wire , catheters, snare look, grasping devices
117
Inferior vena cava filter is placed in
IVC
118
inferior vena cava catheter catches a ___ and prevents ___
DVT deep vein thrombus ---prevents PE
119
Balloon pump gives the heart __
extra beat
120
balloon pump inflates during ?
hearts diastole (resting )

Xray Cardiovascular system section D (1 decks)

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