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AP US History > Segment Test: 1st Quarter > Flashcards

Segment Test: 1st Quarter Flashcards

1
Q

Republican Mother [W]

A

patriotic raising, Spartan childhood: patriotism & sacrifice 4 greater good

inequality and recognition

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2
Q

“Remember the Ladies” [W]

A

Abigail Adams, 1st instance of women’s rights/voice

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3
Q

Cult of domesticity [W]

A

‘traditional’ feminine ideal; piety, obedience, purity, domesticity

Protestant whites

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4
Q

Seneca Falls Convention [W]

A

1848
First WRight’s convention, starts movement

declaration of sentiments mimics the DoIndependence

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5
Q

Margaret Sanger (birth control) [W]

A

1920s

challenges lack of contraception, at least avoid carriage

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6
Q

Feminine Mystique (Betty Friedan) [W]

A

1963
Book 2nd wave feminism

Questions domesticity; unhappiness & the search for something more

the mystique= natural happiness w/domesticity

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7
Q

Salutary Neglect [HMG?]

A

unofficial relaxation of law enforcement in US colonies

American identity created; independent economic operation

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8
Q

Mercantilism [HMG?]

A

theory concerned with national economical balance

regulated (balanced) exports & imports

promoted aggressive policy; embargos, tariffs, monopolization

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9
Q

Navigation Acts [HMG?]

A

policy of mercantilism; limited monetary loss of empire to foreign power; restricted use of foreign ships for trade between Britain and the colonies

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10
Q

States Rights/Nullification [HMG?]

A

States vs Fed

SC rejects tariffs in 1828-32

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11
Q

National (Cumberland) Road [HMG?]

A

since 1811
first major highway built by Fed

paid with taxes, connects Maryland to Illinois, doesn’t benefit the south…

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12
Q

Social Darwinism [HMG?]

A

Regards government subsidizing of american products (such as cars), protection of things that suck

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13
Q

Sherman Antitrust Act [HMG?]

A

1890
discourages monopoly & cartel

trust: big company w large market power

And what about the exceptionally good, deserving monopolists?

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14
Q

Progressive Movement [HMG?]

A

1900s
widespread sociopolitical reform

Further antitrust & anti gov. corruption

abolitionism, utopianism, women’s suffrage, rejects social Darwinism, takes responsibility

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15
Q

1927 Mississippi River Flood [HMG?]

A

natural disaster

largest system of levees by Army Corps of Engineers; flood consequence arose elsewhere along river

money allocation conflict (states rights)

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16
Q

New Deal [HMG?]

A

Adresses the Depression, FD Roosevelt takes action

relief recovery reform

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17
Q

1954 Brown v Board of Edu [HMG?]

A

supreme court rule declared state laws of segregation unconstitutional

What about the general public, especially within southern states

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18
Q

LBJ: Great Society [HMG?]

A

Lyndon B Johnson war on poverty & racial injustice

age of civil rights, greatly tumultuous

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19
Q

Affirmative Action [HMG?]

A

educational/employment support of minorities

socioeconomic equity

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20
Q

Reagan: Deregulation [HMG?]

A

Government budget cuts and trickle down (Reaganomics)

promoted inequality and fiscal irresponsibility

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21
Q

American Exceptionalism [USAWP]

A

nation being inherently different

romanticized patriotism

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22
Q

Monroe Doctrine [USAWP]

A

paternalistic hemispheres

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23
Q

Manifest Destiny [USAWP]

A

religious right to conquer

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24
Q

Spanish-American War [USAWP]

A

1898
yellow journalism against Spanish, general bigotry and insolence in name of war: criticizes Spanish rule of Cuba, leads to intervention

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25
Platt Amendment [USAWP]
Conditions by which Cuba must abide for occupation withdrawal unequal US dominance over Cuba: allow military bases, intervention, clean the place up
26
Roosevelt Corollary [USAWP]
international policing to relieve troubles of the western hemisphere (specifically Eur>SouAme)
27
Wilson's 14 Points (post WWI) [USAWP]
Woodrow Wilson's plan for global peace (policy for avoiding war)
28
Marshall Plan (post-WWII) [USAWP]
American initiative to improve W European economies after war (powers were likely to spend money on resources from America)
29
Bay of Pigs (Cuba 1961) [USAWP]
Castro defeats the policing jerks, puts them in their place Castro gets some respect from people around the globe Cold War era (soviet tension)
30
Afghanistan 1979 [USAWP]
US weapons given to Afghanistan to fight against Soviet power, same weapons given to terrorist groups eventually used against us Anti-communism throughout history
31
Stamp Tax [P&R]
1765 direct tax and demanded use of British paper on printed material The educated Americans manipulate public opinion to favor patriotism & rebellion
32
Shay's Rebellion [P&R]
1786 Shay & thousands of rebels to take Armory over perceived economic injustice by Massachusetts Called for stronger central document Rebellion? Not against us.
33
Whiskey Rebellion [P&R]
1794 Farmers refuse Fed distillation tax in name of taxation without local representation new gov had will and ability to suppress violent protest
34
Alien & Sedition Acts [P&R]
1798 "strengthen national security" Right to jail protesters regulates immigrants quasi-war with France
35
States Rights/Nullification [P&R]
1798/9 Kentucky & Virginia rule Alien & Sedition acts unconstitutional claims right to reject acts not authorized by constitution (strict constructionism) Principles of '98: each state has right to declare Fed unconstitutional
36
Pullman Strike (1894) [P&R]
workers' boycott of Pullman trains result in protesters' sabotage of railroads, causing government to intervene; protesters jailed, and authorized army action
37
Espionage & Sedition Acts [P&R]
1917 WWI prohibited free speech that would interfere with the US military’s efforts to defeat Germany and its allies against free speech... terribly broad, promoted conviction by hysteria
38
Schenck v US (1919) [P&R]
Supreme court ruled that discouraging young adults to draft is illegal (free speech) indirectly harming troops, don't shout fire in a crowded theatre.. limited free speech
39
Flappers [P&R]
1920s shorter hair & skirts, jazzier, rebels, makeup, drinking, driving, smoking tough chicks
40
The Beats (1950s) [P&R]
cultural and literary movement dealing with nation's consciousness pushed boundaries of acceptance by challenging traditional styles and subjects beatniks
41
American Colonization Society [N]
Send black people back to Africa
42
Trail of Tears [N]
1830s | Forced Native American exodus to the west
43
Dawes Severalty Act [N]
1887 Native exodus, allowed president to divide their land, exerted control over Native Americans aimed to lift them out of poverty and stimulate assimilation into American society; eventual citizenship promised
44
Chinese Exclusion Act [N]
1882 Limited Chinese immigration in response to laborers coming and working for lower wages friction started with gold rush in 1850s where foreigners gained gold; when it became scarce, were driven out, worked on low-wage laboring in San Francisco largely called coolies by politicians, disparaged
45
Dred Scott v Sandford [N]
1857 Supreme court held that blacks could not be american citizens and so had no right to sue Indirect catalyst to start of the civil war
46
Plessy v Ferguson [N]
1896 Partially black man forced to sit at back of bus Supreme court ruled in support of segregation by state law; separate but equal- overruled in Brown v Board of Education
47
Executive Order 9066 (WWII) [N]
Moved Japanese-Americans to concentration camps
48
Brown v Board of Edu 1954 [N]
Ruled against segregation, little girl had to walk a mile where as white school was a couple of blocks away
49
Bakke v University of California [N]
1978 | Supreme Court ruled in favor of Affirmative Action
50
Puritans [R]
Puritans & Separatists Nonseparatists& Pilgrims Some of the first American immigrants were Separatists seeking to escape corruption of English Catholic Church
51
"a city upon a hill" [R]
You are the light of the world Cited by american politicians American exceptionalism
52
Quakers [R]
super friendly, equality & tolerance
53
Deists [R]
Enlightenment inspired; rejection of authority as source of religious knowledge; objectivism
54
1st Great Awakening [R]
1730-1740s deep awareness of need for salvation Deep sense of spiritual conviction and redemption, encouraging introspection & new personal morality
55
"Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God" [R]
1741 hellfire punishment vivid imagery of hell w observations of the world & citations of scripture
56
2nd Great Awakening [R]
1790-1820 | moral virtue for heaven; Romanticism of emotion&enthusiasm, lighthearted
57
Social Gospel [R]
Christian Intellectual movement of 1900s applying ethics to social problems
58
Progressive Movement [R]
sociopolitical upheaval in 20th century changing views on role of USgov on society religion: secularlized, morality & social reform
59
Scopes Monkey Trial [R]
1925 Tennessee trial staged to publicize smalltown Dayton, Tennessee & the Fundamentalist v. Modernist Controversy Scopes unsure whether having taught evolution, self-incriminated 4 sake of defendant Trial charges overturned on technicality (succeeded in goal of publicizing)
60
Christian Coalition [R]
Christian political organization formed by P Robertson for general conservative support
61
Wilderness Road (Daniel Boone) [Env]
1775 route from east to Kentucky foot&horseback good gun, horse, wife, salt volunteered pioneer trailblazer
62
Cotton [Env]
extremely nutrient demanding; acres of land left barren as farmers kept moving areas
63
Gold Rush [Env]
extensive mining
64
Manifest Destiny [Env]
Land meant to be conquered
65
Pittsburgh 1900 [Env]
--
66
Windmill, plow, cow (Midwest) [Env]
--
67
1906 San Francisco Earthquake [Env]
--
68
Dust Bowl (1930s) [Env]
drought & unprotected soil suffocated those caught in the massive storms extensive plowing exposed topsoil, turned into loose dust
69
Silent Spring (Rachel Carson) [Env]
1962 | Environmentalist book bashing DDT
70
"Moral equivalent of War" (Jimmy Carter) [Env]
--
71
Articles of Confederation [P]
1776-1777 | document unifying 13 colonies under a makeshift constitution
72
Federalists & Anti-Federalists (fears) [P]
Federalists: feared chaos, favored central gov; Hamilton Ant-federalists: feared tyranny, favored local gov; Jefferson Jefferson's logic: A central bank would be a debt-based nation: basically, slavery.
73
"Revolution of 1800" [P]
Thomas Jefferson wins over John Adams Decentralization, anti-fed in power
74
"Age of Common Man" (Jackson) [P]
1828-1854 Jacksonian democracy, greater democracy for the common man, symbolized by AJ. 2nd party system
75
"Log Cabin & Hard Cider" campaign (1840) [P]
1840 presidential election Harrison declared old; give him hard cider, 2k &he'll spend his days on the log cabin porch, Harrison rebutted that he consequently was a commoner and Buren was labeled a snob
76
Compromise of 1877 [P]
Ended Reconstruction tacit resolution that Republican president Hayes would become president over Tilden on condition the federal troops necessary to maintain Republican state governments in South
77
Dixiecrats (1948) [P]
against civil rights to minorities
78
Kennedy-Nixon debate [P]
first televised campaign, Kennedy powdered and packaged like a product with cartoons and makeup
79
"silent majority" (Nixon) [P]
1969 term by Nixon: unspoken opinion of majority Used to address those not joining protest of Vietnam War
80
Carter & Reagan [P]
another televised campaign, Reagan being more affective with memorable speech (also told Americans what they wanted to hear)
81
"not worth a continental" [E]
American Revolutionary currency: Continental Currency: lost value due to lost confidence due to disparity of monetary policy between Congress & States Example of imperfect union
82
1st Bank of the US [E]
Alexander Hamilton, 1st treasurer
83
Embargo of 1807 [E]
Congress&Thomas Jefferson | ban on US exports to force Britain & France to respect US rights during Napoleonic Wars (maintain neutrality)
84
Mid-19C economy [E]
move towards industrialization NE does cotton textiles and shoes, W population grew rapidly,
85
"cross of gold" speech (WJ Bryan) [E]
1896 WJ Bryan bimetallism value silver over gold, gold evil due to harm to economic health One of the greatest political speeches in US history
86
Margin (borrowed money) & 1929 stock crash [E]
borrowed money, selling more for less led to something like inflation, causing crash margin stock: any stock listed on a national securities exchange
87
GI Bill [E]
1944 wwii vet benefits: low mortgage, low interest-loans, free college/education empowers vets
88
Stagflation [E]
persisting high inflation & unemployment, stagnant economy
89
Reaganomics [E]
Emphasized tax-cuts for the poor, and trickle-down theory Problem?: Will the rich really spend money on everybody else?
90
Columbian Exchange [S]
Columbus | Native Americans traded crops for livestock, wheat & disease
91
Tories v Whigs [S]
Loyalists v Patriots Patriots were the loudmouth minority, abusing opposition and driving tories out of communities with constant molestation
92
Hoe rotary press [S]
1847 penny dailies exemplify literacy in the US 1840; 91% white 33% black Hoe developed 2 sided printing for rotary press
93
Utopian Communities [S]
american kitsch Shakers: Mother Ann says No sex, yes furniture! Oneida: complex marriage, polygamous for either partner; Monogamy no, committee decides childbirth
94
Sherman's March (Civil War) [S]
General Sherman marched through Georgia interfering not only with military targets but infrastructure, civilian property, economy & transportation (revolutionary event, deep in enemy w/ no supply line) Offended the South, an event they don't forget
95
Jim Crow Laws [S]
South state legislature enforcing segregation after Reconstruction held from 1877 to 1965 1890 separate but equal ultimately overruled by 1954 and 1964
96
Late 19C immigration [S]
1850-1880-1920 European immigrants formed a bulk of US industrial labor, allowed new industries; gained US a front position in global economic power US Citizens held xenophobia, Irish especially targeted for their Catholicism which was feared to generate friction with American values, as they were 'controlled by the pope' 1880 invention of steamship saw greater immigrant mobility
97
Triangle Shirtwaist Co. Fire [S]
deadliest industrial disaster in US history- Manhattan Exits locked to prevent gratuitous slacking, fire struck and victims either burned or jumped to their deaths Improved safety standards and promoted growth of ILGWU, improving s.s 4 sweatshops
98
Spanish Flu [S]
1918-19 Unusually deadly outbreak of flu across globe Powers in wwi minimized reports of fatalities, the neutral Spanish reported freely; people lead to believe Spain's fault
99
Hoovervilles [S]
makeshift shanties of the Great Depression named after the acting president in blame
100
Jackie Robinson [S]
1950s to 60s first black major league baseball player When Dodgers played him, ended segregation of that baseball community
101
Levittown [S]
1950s | first mass-produced suburbia
102
Dr. Spock's baby book [S]
1946 | Man later blamed for rebelliousness of the baby boomer generation
103
McCarthyism [S]
anti-communist hysteria
104
Sputnik [S]
Russian satellite won the cold war US feared H bombs
105
Black Power [S]
60s-70s emphasizes racial pride & collective effort for black interests and values In history used broadly; self determination 1850s used by Frederick Douglass to describes the disproportionate political power held by slave owners in the South
106
Rust Belt [S]
1980s | industrial lost in NE; economy has migration to Sunbelt
107
1980s immigration [S]
stark difference in reception, after a marked american identity, new incomers looked down upon...

AP US History (13 decks)

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