Self and personality

Question 1

Self

Answer 1

Totality of an individuals conscious experience ideas thoughts and feedings with regard to himself or herself developed since the beginning ( childhood days)

Question 2

Self Efficacy

Answer 2

it is the extent to which people believe that they can control their life and the outcomes themselves.

Question 3

Personality

Answer 3

It refers to unique and relatively stable qualities that characterise and individuals behaviour across different situations over a period of time.

Question 4

Type approach

Answer 4

Type approaches attempts to understand human personality by examining certain broad patterns in their observed behaviour characteristics of individuals

Question 5

Trait approaches

Answer 5

It focus is on a specific psychological attributes along with individual stand to differ in consistent and stable ways

Question 6

Psycho dynamic approach

Answer 6

Sigmund Freud develop the story in course of his clinical practice he used free association dream analysis and analysis of errors to understand the internal functioning of mind

Question 7

Post freudian approaches

Answer 7

The human qualities of creativity competence and problem solving abilities are emphasized in these theories

Question 8

Behavioural approach

Answer 8

Personality can be best understood as a response of individual to the environment

Question 9

Cultural approach

Answer 9

This approach attempt to understand personality in relation to the features of ecological and cultural environment.

Question 10

Humanistic approach

Answer 10

Call Rogers and Abraham maslow have particular contributed.

Question 11

Assessment

Answer 11

Assessment refers to the procedures used to evaluate or differentiate people on the basis of certain characteristics

Question 12

Assessment of personality

Answer 12

1.Self Report measures
2.Projective techniques
3.Behavioral analysis

Question 13

Self report measures

Answer 13

1.Minnesota multiphasic personality inventory by hathway and McKinley

2. Eysenck personality questionnaire initially to versus two dimensions of personality called introverted extroverted and emotionally stable and emotionally unstable Thani added the third dimension called psychoticism.
3. 16 personality factor questionnaire by cattell

Question 14

Problems with self report measures

Answer 14

Social desirability,

Acquiescence it is tendency of the subject to agree with items or questions irrespective of their contents, for example saying yes to all items

Question 15

Projective techniques

Answer 15

These were developed to assess unconscious motives and feelings. these techniques are based on the assumption that a less structured or unstructed stimulus or situations will allow the individual to project his or her feelings desires and needs on to that situation

Question 16

Types of projective technique

Answer 16

1 Rorschach inkblot test
2 the thematic apperception test
3 Rosenweig’s picture frustration study
4 sentence completion test
5 draw a person test

Question 17

Rorschach inkblot test

Answer 17

The test consists of 10 ink block 5 of them are in black and white two with some red and three in some pastel colours these are in a symmetrical design with specific former shape.
The cards are understood individually in two phases first the performance proper in this subject are shown the cards and ask to tell what they seen each of them
Second enquiry in this a detailed report of the response is prepared by asking the subject to tell where how and on what basis was a particular response made.

Question 18

The thematic apperception test (TAT)

Answer 18

This test was developed by Morgan and Murray. The test consists of 30 black and white picture cards and one blank card the cards of presented one at a time the subject is starts to tell a story describing situation present in the picture.

Question 19

Who developed the Indian version of TAT

Answer 19

Uma Chaudhary

Question 20

Rosenweig’s picture frustration study (pf study)

Answer 20

Developed versus how people express aggression in face of a frustrating situation.
Subject is asked to tell what the other frustrated this person will say or do.
The analysis of responsibles on the type and direction of the operation on a tempt is made to exam in whether the focus is only frustrating of the Thor on the protection of the frustrated person on on the constructivesolution of the problem

Question 21

Who has made the Rosenweig’s
Picture of frustration study of Indian adaption

Answer 21

Pareek

Question 22

Sentence completion test

Answer 22

The test makes use of a number of incomplete sentences that starting part of the sentence is the first presented on the subject is also provide an ending to the sentence the types of ending used while subjects,motivation, and conflicts. The test provides subject with civil opportunities to reveal their underlying and unconscious motives

Question 23

Draw a person test

Answer 23

It is a simple test in which subject is also draw a person on a sheet of paper a pencil and races provided to facilitated drawing after the completion of the drawings and their is generally asked to draw the figure of an oppose it 6% finally the subject is ask to make a story about the person as a policy was the character in a noble or play.

Question 24

Behavioural analysis

Answer 24

Observation of behaviour serves as the basis of behaviour analysis.
An observer’s report may contain data obtained from

interview
observation
ratings
nomination and
situation tests.

Question 25

Limitations of interview and observation methods

Answer 25

First professional training is required for collection of useful data through these methods is quite demanding and time consuming Second maturity of a psychologist is a precondition for obtaining valid data through these techniques Mere presence of the observer make contaminate the results as a stranger the observer main influence the behaviour of the person being observed and those not obtained good data.

Question 26

Behavioural ratings

Answer 26

Used for the assessment in educated and industrial settings these are taken from the people who know the SSC intermediately and have interacted with him or her over a period of time have had a chance to observe him or her.

Question 27

Limitations of rating method

Answer 27

Raters often display certain biasis that represent their judgement of different traits for example most of us are generally influenced by single favourable or unfavorable rate this often forms the basis of the ritters over all judgement of a person just tendency is known as halo effect. Returns may have at tendency to place individuals either in the middle of the scale for the middle character buyers or avoiding extinct positions or in the extreme positions called extreme response bias by avoiding the middle categories on the scale these tendencies can be overcome my providing letters with the appropriate training or by developing such scales in which responses bias is likely to be small.

Question 28

Nomination

Answer 28

This method is often used in obtaining Peer assessment.this can be used with persons who have been in long term interaction and who know each other very well. in using nomination, each person is asked to choose one or more persons of the group with whom she or he would like to work, study ,play or participate in any other activity. the person may also be asked to specify the reason for his or her choices.

Question 29

Situational test

Answer 29

It provide the information about how a person behaves under stressful situation the test requires a person to perform a given task with other persons why instructed to be non cooperative and interfering the test involves are kind of a role playing the person is instructed to play a role for which he or she is observed. a verbal test is also obtained on what she or he was asked to do the situation may be realistic one or it may be created through a video play