self reporting

Question 1

questionnaires

Answer 1

• Questionnaires
• Pre set-set list of written questions.
• Could be used as part of an experiment.

Question 2

open and closed questions

Answer 2

open/
• No fixed range
• Answer any way
• Qualitative data (descriptive)
• Very rich in detail

closed/
• Fixed number of responses
• Produces both qualitative and quantitative data
• Quant. Is easy to analyse.

Question 3

closed question categories

Answer 3

likert scale-sci fi films have an educational value-5 points 1-5 strongly agree agree neutral etc

rating scale-how much education value do you think sci fi films have-one end is lots of value then 1-5 and the other end is no educational value

fixed choice option-for what reason do you watch sci fi films- number of boxed to tick, next to boxes are things like ‘entertainment’ and ‘to escape’ -tick which option most applies to you

in exam- if you say you use closed questions to get quantitative data, say what you would use eg 5 point likert scale

Question 4

strengths questionnaire

Answer 4

Strengths
• Cost Effective
• Does not take much effort
• Data is straight forward to analyse and lends itself to statistical analysis.

Question 5

limitations questionnaires

Answer 5

Weaknesses
• Social Desirability Bias
• Response Bias (eg always pick option 5 because bored)

Question 6

Interviews

Answer 6

• Face to face interaction between an interviewer and an interviewee.

• Structured
• Predetermined Questions

• Unstructured
• Conversation | Free flowing

• Semi-structured.
• Preset list of questions - follow-ups are allowed.

Question 7

designing interviews

Answer 7

More about general dos and don’ts.
• Interview Schedule.
• Standardised
• Interviewer bias.
• Single or group interviews
• Quiet room aware from others.-if single
• Establish rapport with some neutral questions.
• Reminder of ethical issues.

Question 8

strengths interviews

Answer 8

Strengths
• Structured interviews are straightforward to replicate → standardised.
• Lots of flexibility in unstructured interviews.-extra detail

Question 9

weaknesses interviews

Answer 9

• Structured interviews mean that interviewers cannot deviate from the topic.
• Analysing the data from unstructured interviews can be tricky.
• Social Desirability.

Question 10

writing good questions

Answer 10

Clarity is key for accurate responses so the following should be avoided.

• Overuse of jargon
• “Do you agree that maternal deprivation inevitably leads to affectionless psychopathy”
• Technical terms are unnecessarily complex.

• Emotive language and leading questions
• Boxing is a barbaric sport and any sane person would want it banned.
• When did you last drive over the speed limit.
• Author’s attitude becomes clear.

Double-barrelled questions and double negatives.
• Do you agree that premier league players earn too much and should give 20% of their earning to charity.
• I am not unhappy in my job (agree/disagree) → confusing