sem 1:Overview Flashcards
(24 cards)
what does pancreas release
insulin + glucagon
what does thyroid gland release
thyroxine(T4) + triidothyronine (T3)
what does the adrenal cortex release
cortisol
what does the adrenal medulla release
adrenaline/NA
what do the gonads release
oestrogens
androgens
progestagens
what does the parathyroid gland release
parathyroid hormone
what is autocrine
hormones released by a cell which act back on the same cell
what is intracrine
conversion of inactive hormone to an active hormone that acts within the cell
4 types of hormone
- protein
- steroid (from cholesterol)
- amino acid derivative
- fatty acid derivative
examples of protein hormone
insulin
pituitary hormones
hypothalamic hormones
examples of steroid hormones
cortisol
aldosterone
oestrogen, androgens, porgestagens
examples of amino acid derivatives
adrenaline
noradrenaline
thryroid hormones
examples fatty acid derivative enzymes
prostaglandins
thromboxanes
prostacyclin
which neuron connects regulates the posterior lobe of the pituitary
magnocellular
what arterial supply goes to the posterior pituitary gland
inferior hypophyseal artery
what two hormones does the posterior pituitary secrete
ADH
oxytocin
which neurone projects down anterior pituitary
parvocellular neuron
some enzymes the anterior pituitary secretes
LH
FSH
ACTH
prolactin
what daily rhythms are there
circadian(biological clock)
diurnal(day/night)
what is addinsons disease
adrenal glands stop working, no cortisol, no negative feedback so CRH and ACTH still being produced
what is cushings disease
tumour causing overproduction of ACTH and cortisol
what can vitamin D resistance lead to
rickets
what can resistance to circulating androgens lead to
testicular feminisation
what are the three peripheral endocrine organs that are controlled by the hypothalmic- pituitary axis
gonads(LH/FSH)
adrenal cortex(ACTH)
thyroid(TSH)
