Semester 1 Test Flashcards
(97 cards)
1
Q
What’s the difference between unicellular and multicellular.
A
Uni- One
Multi- More than one.
2
Q
Describe the biosphere.
A
Anywhere life is found.
3
Q
What is ethics?
A
What you believe is right or wrong.
4
Q
How are technology and science different?
A
Science is only natural.
Technology is the rest.
5
Q
How are theories and scientific laws different?
A
Theories have exceptions.
Laws do not.
6
Q
Define data.
A
Information
7
Q
Define biology.
A
The study of life.
8
Q
What are the 8 characteristics of life?
A
- Based on universal genetic code.
- Grow and develop.
- Reproduce.
- Energy
- Evolve.
- Made of cells.
- Respond to the environment.
- Homeostasis.
9
Q
Define Science
A
To know.
10
Q
List the steps of the scientific method.
A
Observing and analyzing data. Inferring and forming a hypothesis. Design a controlled experiment. Collect and analyze data. Drawing a conclusion. Repeat.
11
Q
Define Observation
A
Using your five senses to collect data.
12
Q
Define Hypothesis
A
Testable educated guess.
13
Q
What makes the natural world, natural?
A
Humans haven’t messed it up.
14
Q
What’s the one main goal of science?
A
To know everything.
15
Q
How’s the only way scientists believe something?
A
If there is evidence to prove it.
16
Q
Describe Homeostasis
A
Stable internal balance.
17
Q
Define Cell
A
The basic unit of life.
18
Q
Explain why it’s important to follow safety lab rules.
Give two examples of how it would be bad not to follow rules.
A
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19
Q
Why should people use the same units?
A
So people do not get confused.
All on the same page.
20
Q
Explain two ways you have used the scientific method in your life.
A
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21
Q
Describe a Microscope
A
A toll used to see far away objects closer.
22
Q
Define Chemical Reaction
A
A process that changes the makeup.
23
Q
Define Enzyme
A
Protein that acts as a biological catalyst.
24
Q
Define Atom
A
The basic unit of matter.
25
Give the charge and location of each in an atom.
Electrons- negative, outside the nucleus.
Proton- positive, inside the nucleus.
Neutron- neutral, in the nucleus.
26
Define Matter
It has mass and volume.
27
Define Volume
Takes up space.
28
Define Mass
The measure of matter.
29
What is the difference between compounds and elements?
Element is one.
| The compound is two or more elements chemically combined.
30
Describe a Mixture
Two or more substances physically combined.
31
Describe the pH Scale
Measures how acidic or alkaline a substance is.
Acidic: 0-6.9
Neutral: 7
Basic: 7.1-14
32
What is the element of life?
Carbon
33
What carbohydrates must you have in order to make energy?
Glucose
34
What are the two types of nucleic acids?
DNA and RNA
35
What goes hand in hand with structure?
Function
36
Define Ion
Charged atom.
37
Explain two-way atoms, elements, compounds, and/or mixtures that affect your everyday life.
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38
Describe a Desert.
Less than 25cm of precipitation a year.
| It has a vast difference between day and night temperatures.
39
Describe a Temperate Grassland
It has 4 distinct seasons.
| Mostly farmland.
40
List the levels of organization for ecology.
Species, Population, Community, Ecosystem, Biome, and Biosphere.
41
What is the ultimate source of energy?
The sun.
42
Describe Photosynthesis
The chemical process in which use energy from the sun to convert water and Co2 into oxygen and carbohydrates.
43
What is the difference between heterotrophs and autotrophs?
Heterotroughs: Go out and get their food.
Autotroughs: Make their own food.
44
What is the difference between climate and weather?
Weather: Conditions of Earth's atmosphere at a given time and place.
Climate: Conditions of Earth's atmosphere over a period of time.
45
Define Nutrient
Anything needed for life.
46
Example of a legume.
Soybean
47
What is the difference between primary and secondary succession?
Primary: Starts with bare rock.
Secondary: Starts with soil.
48
Describe the types of symbiosis.
Parasitism: One benefits while the other is harmed.
Commensalism: One benefits while the other is not affected.
Mutualism: Both benefit.
49
Describe Decomposer, Herbivore, Omnivore, Detrivore, and Carnivore.
```
Decomposer: Decompose their food.
Herbivore: Eat plants.
Omnivore: Eats both plants and meat.
Detrivore: Eat dead decaying organisms.
Carnivore: Eats meat.
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50
Example of a food chain.
grass>rabbit>hawk
51
Example of a food web.
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52
What is the difference between biotic and abiotic?
Biotic: Contains carbon.
Abiotic: It does not contain carbon.
53
Why can't two species of animals occupy the same niche?
There will not be enough resources.
54
What is competition?
Fighting for resources.
55
What's the difference between predator and prey?
Predator: Hunters
Prey: Hunted
56
Explain how every animal affects other animals.
| Explain how nonliving factors affect animals.
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57
Define Weathering
Breakdown of rock and minerals in the soil.
58
Explain why Asian beetles have not been good for our area.
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59
Define Erosion
Moving of soil sediments.
60
Define Biodiversity
A number of different species in an area.
61
Explain why DDT was bad.
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62
Define Species
A group of organisms that are able to reproduce.
63
Define Pollutant
Harmful material.
64
Describe Smog
A chemical mixture that creates a gray/brown haze in the atmosphere.
65
Define Carrying Capacity
The maximum amount of species in an area.
66
What is the difference between emigration and immigration?
E: Moving out.
I: Moving in.
67
Define Disease
Takes an organism out of homeostasis.
68
Why is ozone important?
Protects us from UV radiation.
| Made of Ozone.
69
Describe Global Warming
The unnatural heating of Earth's biosphere.
70
What is the difference between renewable and nonrenewable resources?
R: Can get back in a lifetime.
NR: Cannot get back in a lifetime.
71
Define Agriculture
Growing organisms for food or profit.
72
Define Population
A group of organisms in a given place at a given time.
73
Give at least two examples of why studying populations is important to humans and explain.
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74
Describe Equilibrium
The concentration is the same on the inside and the outside.
75
Describe the Nucleus of a Cell
Control center.
| It contains genetic material.
76
Define Organelle
Little organ.
77
What is the function of the mitochondria?
The powerhouse of the cell.
| Produces ATP.
78
What are ribosomes for?
Produce protein.
79
What is the difference between chromatin and chromosomes?
Chromatin: All over.
Chromosomes: Have an order.
80
What is the difference between flagella and cilia?
Flagella: Longer, only two.
Cilla: Smaller, more abundant.
81
Describe the Cell Membrane
Every cell contains it.
82
Describe Cell Wall
A protective layer, used for support and protection.
83
What are the five levels of organization?
cell > tissue > organ > organ system > organism
84
Define Diffusion
Moving from high to low concentration without using energy.
85
Define Organ
Group of tissues put together that perform a certain job.
86
Define Tissue
Group of cells put together that has a certain job.
87
Define Osmosis
Diffusion of water.
88
Define Organ System
A group of organs put together to perform a certain job.
89
What is the difference between endocytosis and exocytosis?
Exo: Material leaving the cell.
Endo: Material entering the cell.
90
Define an Organism
A living thing.
91
What color is chlorophyll?
Green
92
Explain how cells and something else from chapter 7 applies to our lives.
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93
Define Force
Push or pull.
94
Define Work
Force moving an object.
95
What is protein synthesis?
Making proteins.
96
What are pigments?
Light absorbing molecules.
97
Explain why photosynthesis is important to all organisms.
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