Semester Test 2

Question 0

Which of the following believed he had discovered a westward passage to Asia, when in fact he had discovered America?

Answer 0

Christopher Columbus

Question 1

Vasco da Gama’s discovery of a route to India by sea proved to be

Answer 1

Very profitable, since da Gama returned with a cargo of spices and made a profit if several thousand percent

Question 2

What was the name of the set of principles that dominated economic thought in the seventeenth century?

Answer 2

Mercantilism

Question 3

Who were the first European settlers of the Hudson River valley?

Answer 3

The Dutch

Question 4

Who expressed concern about the impact of the slave trade on the well-being of his society?

Answer 4

The king of Congo

Question 5

The Moluccas were known to Europeans as the

Answer 5

Spice Islands

Question 6

Spanish and Portuguese colonies in the Americas were divided into all the following social classes except

Answer 6

Mitas

Question 7

What is the correct list of social classes from colonial Latin America?

Answer 7

Peninsulares, Creoles, mestizos, mulattoes

Question 8

Sixteenth-century Spanish colonial holdings in America included all of the following except

Answer 8

Brazil

Question 9

To Portuguese explorers, the southern coast of West Africa became known as the

Answer 9

Gold Coast

Question 10

Philip II of Spain was known as the

Answer 10

“Most Catholic King”

Question 11

James I of England believed in the divine right of kings, which is

Answer 11

The idea that kings receive their power from God and are responsible only to God

Question 12

Which of the following were Protestants in England who were inspired by Calvinist ideas?

Answer 12

Puritans

Question 13

The foundation for a constitutional monarchy in England was laid by the

Answer 13

Bill of Rights

Question 14

Louis XIV maintained complete authority as monarch by

Answer 14

Distracting the nobles and royal princes with court life, to keep them out of politics

Question 15

Te style of painting known as _____ reflected a search for power

Answer 15

Baroque

Question 16

The work of William Shakespeare is perhaps the best example of _____ literature

Answer 16

Elizabethan

Question 17

Seven percent of the total French population were

Answer 17

Huguenots

Question 18

Te Edict of Nantes recognized Catholicism as the official religion of France, and

Answer 18

Have the Huguenots the right to worship and to enjoy all political privileges

Question 19

The Thirty Years’ War involved all the major European powers except which nation?

Answer 19

England

Question 20

Which religion was practiced by the Ottomans?

Answer 20

Sunni Islam

Question 21

When the Moguls began establishing their dynasty in India, the continent was divided into which two types of kingdoms?

Answer 21

Hindu and Muslim

Question 22

Which religion promoted the practices of child marriage and suttee in India?

Answer 22

Hindu

Question 23

Recruited from the local Christian population in the Balkans, the janissaries were

Answer 23

Converted to Islam and trained as foot soldiers or administrators to serve the sultan

Question 24

The hereditary nature of the position of sultan

Answer 24

Led to struggles over succession between the sons of the sultan

Question 25

Under Shah Abbas, the Safavid dynasty

Answer 25

Reached the high point of its glory

Question 26

The Safavids differed from many of their Islamic neighbors because they were ardent

Answer 26

Shias

Question 27

Who established the Mogul dynasty?

Answer 27

Babur

Question 28

"Gunpowder empires" were empires that

Answer 28

We're formed by outside conquerors who unified the regions they conquered

Question 29

The greatest Ottoman architects, _____ built 81 mosques

Answer 29

Sinan

Question 30

Which is not a discovery made by Galileo using the telescope?

Answer 30

Comets

Question 31

Which discovery was made by Maria Winkleman?

Answer 31

A comet

Question 32

Isaac Newton's universal law of gravitation

Answer 32

Showed how one law could explain all motion in the universe

Question 33

Francis Bacon, an English Philosopher, believed scientists should

Answer 33

Use inductive reasoning

Question 34

In Jean-Jacques Rousseau's concept of a social contract

Answer 34

An entire society agrees to be governed by its general will

Question 35

Which of the following composed The Marriage of Figaro, The Magic Flute, and Don Giovanni, three of the world's greatest operas?

Answer 35

Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart

Question 36

As a result of the Treaty of Paris 1763,

Answer 36

Great Britain had become the world's greatest colonial power

Question 37

Which of the following was the first country to grant diplomatic recognition to the new American state?

Answer 37

France

Question 38

The Constitutional Convention began as

Answer 38

A meeting of delegates to revise the Articles of Confederation

Question 39

According to the Ptolemaic system,

Answer 39

The universe is a series of concentric spheres with Earth fixed at the center

Question 40

Which of the following estate groups of France was the only one to pay taxes?

Answer 40

The Third Estate

Question 41

In 1971 a new Constitution was set up in France to allow "active" citizens to vote. What were "active" citizens?

Answer 41

Men over 25 who paid taxes

Question 42

The French National Assembly swore the Tennis Court Oath, which was

Answer 42

A vow to continue to meet until they had produced a French constitution

Question 43

Louis XVI was forced to accept the National Assembly's decrees because

Answer 43

Thousands of armed Parisian women descended on the palace and captured him and his family

Question 44

The Committee of Public Safety was given broad powers to

Answer 44

Defend France from threats

Question 45

The three major parts of Napoleon's Grand Empire were

Answer 45

The French Empire, the dependent states, and the allied states

Question 46

What were the two major reasons that Napoleon's Grand Empire collapsed?

Answer 46

The survival of Great Britain and the force of nationalism

Question 47

The Declaration of the Rights of Man and the Citizen proclaimed

Answer 47

Equal rights for all men, but no political rights for women

Question 48

Who seized political power from the Legislative Assembly?

Answer 48

Paris Commune

Question 49

The difference between the Girondins and the Mountain was that

Answer 49

The Girondins leaned toward keeping the king alive, while the Mountain wanted the king executed

Question 50

In his novels, Charles Dickens showed the realities of life for the ____ in the early part of the Industrial Age

Answer 50

Poor

Question 51

The production of _____ was one of the first industries to be affected by the Industrial Revolution

Answer 51

Cotton cloth

Question 52

Otto Von Bismarck practiced realpolitik, which was

Answer 52

A theory of politics based on practical matters rather than theory or ethics

Question 53

The formation of the Confederatiom States of America was sparked by

Answer 53

The election of Abraham Lincoln as president of the United States

Question 54

Which of the following emphasized feelings and imagination as source of knowing?

Answer 54

Romanticism

Question 55

According to Darwin, which of the following was central to organic evolution?

Answer 55

Natural selection

Question 56

Who developed a steam engine that could drive machinery?

Answer 56

James watt

Question 57

The _____ was crucial to Britain's Industrial Revolution

Answer 57

Steam engine

Question 58

The social change brought about by the Industrial Revolution was evident in the

Answer 58

Emergence of the middle class and the working class

Question 59

The effect of the Crimean War was to

Answer 59

Destroy the Concert of Europe and leave Australia without friends among the great powers

Question 60

Which country had a much lower standard of living during the Second Industrial Revolution?

Answer 60

Spain

Question 61

This party asked its theories on the work of Karl Marx

Answer 61

Socialist

Question 62

Signing Freud devised this method by which a therapist and patient could probe deeply into the patient's memory

Answer 62

Psychoanalysis

Question 63

This passage documents Marie's Curie discovery of

Answer 63

Radium

Question 64

In the Second Industrial Revolution, what led the way to new industrial frontiers?

Answer 64

Steel, chemicals, electricity, and petroleum

Question 65

According to Karl Marx, the ____, or working class, was oppressed by the middle class

Answer 65

Proletariat

Question 66

Which of the following founded the Female Association for the Care of the Poor and Sick in Hamburg, Germany?

Answer 66

Amalie Sieveking

Question 67

What was the name of the legislative assembly created by Czar Nicholas II?

Answer 67

Duma

Question 68

The alliance between Great Britain, Russia, and France was known as the

Answer 68

Triple Entente

Question 69

According to Albert Einstein's special theory of relativity,

Answer 69

If all material things disappear out of the universe, time and space would disappear with them

Question 70

The Spanish-American War resulted in

Answer 70

New territories for the United States

Question 71

All of the following came under French control except

Answer 71

Thailand

Question 72

All of the following powers had colonies in West Africa by 1900, except

Answer 72

The United States

Question 73

After the opening of the Suez Canal in 1869, Britain

Answer 73

Took an active interest in Egypt

Question 74

What The British called the Sepoy Mutiny, Indians called the

Answer 74

First War of Independence

Question 75

In 1876, Queen Victoria assumed the title of

Answer 75

Empress of India

Question 76

British rule of India brought Indian society all of the following benefits except

Answer 76

Tea

Question 77

The Mexican period of reform from 1855 to 1876 brought about all of the following except

Answer 77

Voting rights for women

Question 78

Jose de San Martin and Simon Bolivar led South American independence movements against

Answer 78

Spain

Question 79

Miguel Hidalgo, a hero of Mexican independence after 1810, had studied

Answer 79

The French Recolution

Question 80

Which country was not a member of the Triple Alliance?

Answer 80

Russia

Question 81

During World War I, which person did Czar Nicholas II place in charge of the armies?

Answer 81

Himself

Question 82

Which concession did president Wilson demand at the Paris Peace Conferences?

Answer 82

Creation of a League of Nations

Question 83

What was the name of the group that conspired to assassinate Archduke Francis Ferdinand?

Answer 83

The Black Hand

Question 84

In 1914 ____ was considered an act of war

Answer 84

Mobilization of a nation's army

Question 85

The Western Front was characterized by

Answer 85

Trench warfare that kept both sides in virtually the same positions for four years

Question 86

Austria-Hungary, Bulgaria, Germany, and the Ottoman Empire became known as

Answer 86

The Central Powers

Question 87

The Red secret police, known as the Cheka, began

Answer 87

A Red Terror campaign to destroy all those who opposed the new regime

Question 88

World War I was a _____, meaning that it involved a complete mobilization of resources and people

Answer 88

Total war

Question 89

The Schlieffen Plan was

Answer 89

Germany's plan for a two-front war with Russia and France, which had formed a military alliance

Question 90

The Treaty of Locarno guaranteed

Answer 90

Germany's new western borders with France and Belgium

Question 91

John Maynard Keynes argued that unemployment

Answer 91

Came not from overproduction, but from a decline in demand

Question 92

A _____ state is a government that aims to control the political, economic, social, intellectual, and cultural lives of its citizens

Answer 92

Totalitarian

Question 93

The Kristallnacht was

Answer 93

A destructive Nazi rampage against the Jews

Question 94

Surrealist ______ painted everyday objects but separated them from their normal contexts

Answer 94

Salvador Dali

Question 95

The literary work of _____ includes Siddhartha and Steppenwolf

Answer 95

Hermann Hesse

Question 96

Who set up the Nazi secret forces?

Answer 96

Heinrich Himmler

Question 97

To deal with runaway German inflation, an international commission created the Dawes Plan, which

Answer 97

Reduced Germany's reparations debt

Question 98

An _____ is a period of low economic activity and rising unemployment

Answer 98

Economic depression

Question 99

The _____ was the leading policy-making body of the Communist Party

Answer 99

Politburo

Question 100

The Arab nationalists who sought to undermine Ottoman rule were backed by British adventurer T.E. Lawrence. What nickname was given to T.E. Lawrence as a result of this activity?

Answer 100

Lawrence of Arabia

Question 101

Which ethnic group was a victim of genocide by the Ottoman Turks?

Answer 101

Armenians

Question 102

Mohandas Gandhi protested British laws by

Answer 102

Using methods of civil disobedience, that is, refusing to obey laws considered to be unjust

Question 103

The vast companies called _____ controlled major segments of the Japanese industrial sector

Answer 103

Zaibatsu

Question 104

Who led the People's Liberation Army on the Long March?

Answer 104

Mao Zedong

Question 105

In China, in order to fight the larger Nationalist Army, the Communists

Answer 105

Began using guerrilla tactics

Question 106

President Franklin D. Roosevelt's Good Neighbor policy

Answer 106

Rejected the use of United States military force in Latin America

Question 107

The _____ controlled the major groups within Mexican society, thereby giving it enormous control over the Mexican presidency

Answer 107

Institutional Revolutionary Party

Question 108

______ established the modern state of Iran in 1935

Answer 108

Reza Shah Pahlavi

Question 109

The Salt March was

Answer 109

Mohandas Gandhi's march to the sea to protest new British taxes and restrictions on salt