Semester2 Exam Flashcards

(130 cards)

1
Q

Beginning of muscle

A

Origin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

End or moving part of muscle

A

Insertion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Middle fat part of muscle

A

Belly or venter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Anatomical division of the cat into caudal and cranial

A

Diaphragm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Function of blood

A

Transport and maintain homeostasis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Characteristics of blood

A

Ph 7.45 and mostly water

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Formed elements make up about what percentage of blood? What are formed elements?

A

45% blood cells and platelets

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Most common type of blood

A

o

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Low blood volume

A

Hypovolemic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Most abundant proteins in blood plasma

A

Albumin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Most abundant component of plasma

A

Water

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Rbc production is regulated by

A

Eurgthropoietin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

The percent fraction of formed elements relative to whole blood is called

A

Hematocrit value

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Wbc

A

5-10,000

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Rbc

A

4-6 million

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Thromocytes

A

130,000-360,000

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Most numerous white blood cells

A

Neutrophils

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Wbc that release histamine at the site of an injury

A

Basophils

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Wbc that are increased in allergic individuals

A

Eosinophils

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Platelets are pinched off from giant multinucleated cells in bone marrow

A

Megakaryocytes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Thrombocyte

A

Platelets

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Moving blood clot

A

Embolus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Organ secretes most of plasma protein

A

Liver

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Prolonged oxygen deficiency

A

Hypoxia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Hemoglobin molecules are decomposed, the resulting greenish pigment
Biliverdin
26
The______ associated with infected wounds contains dead neutrophils, cellular debris, and tissue fluid
Pus
27
The average blood volume for an adult is
5-6 liters
28
Rbcs are also known as
Eryhthrocytes
29
Common electrolytes in plasma
Sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, chloride
30
The stoppage of bleeding
Hemostasis
31
bleeders disease
Hemophilia
32
More than 95% of the protein in a rbc
Hemoglobin
33
Blood returning to the heart from the systemic circuit
Right atrium
34
Pulmonary circuit
Lungs and back to heart
35
Middle of thoracic cavity
Mediastinum
36
Blood vessels one cell layer thick would most likely be a
Capillaries
37
A depression on the surface of the heart
Sulcus
38
The right ventricle pumps blood to the
Right and left lung
39
The left ventricle pumps to the
Whole body
40
The right atrium receives blood from
Systemic
41
Blood flowing into the heart from the venue cavae flows next through the
Tricuspid valve
42
The bicuspid or mitral valve is located
Left ventricle
43
Blood is supplied to the myocardium by
Coronary arteries
44
Pacemaker
Sinoartrial node
45
P wave
Depolarization of atria
46
Qrs
Depolarization of ventricles
47
T
Ventricular repolarization
48
How many pulmonary veins
4
49
Biggest workload
Left ventricle
50
Slow heart rate
Bradycardia
51
Fast heart rate
Taehycardia
52
Lymph returns to the venous circulation by way of
Thoracic duct
53
Lymph nodes
Filter lymph
54
Where is the thymus gland located
Behind sternum above heart
55
Largest single collection of lymphoid tissue in the adult body is located in the
Spleen
56
An inflammatory response is triggered when mast cells release
Histamine and heparin
57
The cells directly responsible for cellular immunity
T cells
58
Cells responsible for humoral immunity are
B cells
59
Surface molecules on pathogens that allow for identification of them are
Antigens
60
T cells that help in the fight of pathogens by releasing chemicals called
Haptens
61
Excessive immune responses to antigens are
Allergies
62
Lymphocytes are produced and stored in
Lymph nodes, thymus, spleen
63
Cyclosporin
Suppresses immune system
64
Common passageway of digestive and respiratory system
Pharynx
65
Condition in which air enters the pleural cavity is
Pheumothorax
66
Site of gas exchange
Alveoli
67
Tube from the throat to middle ear
Eustacian
68
What air volumes are not easily measured by spirometer
Residual
69
Lung cancer usually begins in
Epithelial cells
70
Most of the carbon dioxide in the blood is transported as
Bicarbonate ions
71
A temp condition in which breathing is suspended is
Aphea
72
Condition in which there is excess oxygen in blood
Hyperxia
73
% of air is oxygen
21%
74
Irritation in upper respiratory
Sneeze
75
Irritation in lower
Cough
76
Human right and left lobes | Cat right and left lobes
3&2 4&2
77
Tiny hair like projections in the respiratory tract
Cilia
78
What is caused by a spasmodic?
Hiccup
79
Waves of muscular contractions that propel the contents of the digestive tract are called
Peristalsis
80
____pairs of salivary glands secrete into the oral cavity
3
81
The _____ gland empties into the oral cavity at the level of the second upper molar
Parotid
82
The bulk of each tooth consists of a mineralized matrix similar to that of bone called
Dentin
83
The chamber within a tooth that contains blood vessels and nerves
Pulp
84
Crown of tooth is covered by
Enamel
85
The space between the cheeks or lips and the teeth is called
Vestibules
86
Blade-shaped teeth that function in cutting or clipping
Incisors
87
Pointed teeth That are adapted for tearing or slashing
Cuspids or canines
88
Teeth with flattened crowns and prominent ridges that are adapted for crushing and grinding
Molar
89
Parietal cells secrete
Hydrochloric acid
90
Chief cells secrete
Pepsinogen
91
Parts of the stomach
Cardiac, fundic, body, and pyloric
92
Ridges in stomach
Rugae
93
The enzyme pepsin digest
Proteins
94
Segments of small intestine
Duodenum, ilium, jeudenum
95
The intestinal hormone that stimulates the pancreas is
Secretin
96
An intestinal hormone that stimulates the gallbladder to release bile
Cholesterol
97
Hormones that are produced by the pancreas
Insulin and glucagon
98
Bile is stored in the
Gallbladder
99
Function of the large intestine
Re absorbing water
100
What do vitamins do
Blood clotting and improve metabolism
101
Saclike structure that joins the ileum at the ileocecal valve
Cecum
102
Small wormlike structure attached to the posteromedial surface of the cecum
Appendix
103
The enzyme amylase digests
Carbs
104
Carb digestion begins in the
Mouth
105
Production of fat digestion are transported initially by
Lacteals, lymphactic vessels
106
Baby teeth
Deciduous
107
The ----- salivary glands are covered by the mucous membrane in the floor of the mouth
Sublingual
108
The hormone that stimulates secretion and contraction by the stomach is
Gastrin
109
What is the gland just cranial and medial to each kidney?
Adrenal
110
Where is urine produced
Kidneys (nephrons)
111
About 85% of the nephrons are located in the
Renal cortex
112
Where is the micturition reflex center located
Sacral portion of spinal cord
113
The outermost layer of the kidney
Capsule
114
Functional unit of kidney
Nephron
115
Constituents of urine
Urea, Uric acid, creatine, pigments
116
Common ways that particles pass throughout the membranes in the formation of urine
Active transport and diffusion
117
The process of filtration is driven by
Hydrostatic pressure
118
The efferent arteriole of a nephron divides to form a network of capillaries within the cortex called the
Peritubular capillaries
119
Glucose in urine by be a sign of
Diabetes
120
Antidiuretic hormone causes you to
Conserve water
121
Anuria
Inability
122
Polyvuria
Excessive
123
Dysuria
Painful
124
Incontinence
Uncontrolled
125
Glucosuria
Glucose
126
Cystitis
Inflammation of bladder
127
Nocturia
Night urination
128
Hematuria
Blood in urine
129
Retention
Inability to empty bladder
130
3 gaits
Digitigrade, plantigrade, unguligrade