semi-rad ana Flashcards
(114 cards)
1
Q
other term for digestive system
A
alimentary tract
2
Q
is the wet epithelial membrane surrounding the alimentary canal lumen
A
mucosa (mucous membrane)
3
Q
moderately dense connective tissue containing blood and lymphatic vessel
A
submucosa
4
Q
typically is a bilayer of smooth muscle inner layer running circularly
the outer running longitudinally
A
muscularis externa
5
Q
outermost covering of intraperitoneal organ which is called the visceral peritoneum
A
serosa
6
Q
foods enter the digestive tract through the?
A
oral cavity/mouth
7
Q
protect the opening of the chamber anteriorly
A
lips (labia)
8
Q
the anterior portion of the palate is referred to as?
A
hard palate
9
Q
fibromuscular structure that is unsupported by bone
A
posterior soft palate
10
Q
finger like projection of the soft palate
A
uvula
11
Q
the space between the lips and cheeks is called
A
oral vestibule
12
Q
one of the hard calcified structures, for biting and mastication of food
A
teeth
13
Q
muscular organ attached to the floor of the mouth, swallowing and speech
A
tongue
14
Q
3 pairs of glands whose combined secretions constitute of the saliva
A
salivary glands
15
Q
what are the 3 pairs of salivary glands
A
- parotid gland
- sublingual gland
- submandibular/sub-maxillary gland
16
Q
largest of the salivary glands that lies immediately inferior and-anterior to
external ear
A
parotid gland
17
Q
composed of a group of smaller gland which is narrow and elongated
A
sublingual gland
18
Q
irregularly shaped, almost to the angle of mandible
A
submandibular/sub maxillary gland
19
Q
is a duct that opens beside the orifice of the Wharton’s duct called?
A
bartholin’s duct/ duct of rivinus
20
Q
it has also a duct that opens into oral vestibule opposite the second
upper molar called?
A
stensen’s duct
21
Q
the pharynx is subdivided anatomically into 3 parts, what are those?
A
nasopharynnx
oro “
laryngo”
22
Q
a common passageway for food, fluid and air
A
pharynx
23
Q
other term for esophagus
A
gullet
24
Q
centimeters and inches of esophagus
A
25centi
10 inch
25
essentially food passageway that conduct food to the stomach in a wavelike
peristaltic motion
esophagus
26
thickening of the smooth muscle layer, controls food passage into the stomach
gastroesophageal sphincter
27
pearshaped organ, end of esophagus and beginning of the small intestine
stomach
28
when the stomach is empty it is collapsed which is usually contains
air called?
magenblase
29
stomach bubble, dark area above the upper part of stomach, hidden by the
liver and diaphragm
meganblase
30
dome-shaped portion of the stomach found superior laterally
to the cardia
fundus
31
thickened ring of involuntary muscle
sphincter
32
two openings of the stomach
~cardiac orifice
~pyloric orifice
33
medial border close to the upper end of stomach where the esophagus
and stomach meet
cardiac orifice
34
lower end of the stomach where the small bowel or small intestine
continuous from this opening
pyloric orifice
35
concave medial surface of the stomach
36
concave medial surface of the stomach
37
convex lateral surface which is longer
greater curvature
38
extending from these curvature are two mesenteries called?
omenta/omentum
39
extends from the liver to the lesser curvature of the stomach
lesser omentum
40
a saclike mesentery extends from greater curvature from the stomach
greater omentum
41
sharp bend on the lesser curvature below its midpoint
incisura angularis
42
lining membrane which from a longitudinal fold that partly
disappear when the stomach is full
rugae
43
is a convoluted tube
small intestine
44
meters and feet of small intestine
6-7 meters
20 feet
45
meters and feet during life because of its muscle tone of small intestine
2 meters(6 feet)
46
what are the 3 parts of small intestine
doudenum
jejunum
ileum
47
first 25 centi, 10 inches of small intestine which form a double loop
(lies in retroperitoneal position)
duodenum
48
first part of duodenum that extends up and to the R including the duodenal cap
or bulb
superior duodenum
49
passes downward to the R where the common bile duct opens into it
descending duodenum
50
passes to the L across the midline
transverse duodenum
51
passes up behind the stomach to join with the jejunum
ascending duodenum
52
the head of pancreas lies in this curve of duodenum and approximately?
7.5cm
53
continuous with the duodenum extends for 2.5m about 8feet long. ( occupies the umbilical
region of the abdominal cavity)
jejunum
54
terminal portion of the small intestine is about 3.6m 12 feet long (loc right abdominal cavity)
ileum
55
ileocecal junction has a sphincter called?
ileocecal sphincter
56
how long the large intestine or colon?
1.5 meters 5 feet
57
it forms an inverted U shaped structure that passes up from the R lower abdomen
to the R upper abdomen
large intestine
58
part of the colon that forms a pouch below the ileocecal junctiion
cecum
59
passes up from the cecum (R kidney)
ascending colon
60
bend of the colon to the L under the R liver surface
hepatic flexure/ R colic
61
passes across the upper abdomen from the hepatic flexure to the spleen
in the L upper abdomen
transverse colon
62
bend of the colon where the transverse clons ends
splenic flexure/ L colic
63
extends down from the splenic flexure brim of the pelvis in lateral abdomen
descending colon
64
S shaped descending colon to the rectum.
sigmoid/ pelvic colon
65
final part of the colon extend to the sigmoid to anus
rectum
66
lower 1 1/2 inch of rectum ends at an opening the anus
anal canal
67
what are the 2 sphincter of anal canal
`voluntary external anal sphincter - composed of skeletal muscle
`involuntary internal and sphincter - c of smooth muscle
68
3 longitudinal muscle band called the?
tenia coli
69
small pocket like sacs called, puckered folds of the colon caused by the
arrangement of longitudinal muscle
haustra
70
what is the major function of large intestine
to consolidate and propel the unusable fecal matter towards
the anus and eliminate it from the body
71
long tapering structure that lies transversely in the upper posterior
abdomen
pancreas or pancreatic gland
72
hollow tube that extends from the tail
pancreatic duct/ duct of wirsung
73
pancreas is made up of many minute glands that manufacture and secrete digestive
enzyme called?
pancreatic fluid
74
small clumps of cell scattered throughout the pancreas
islet of langerhans/ island of “
75
largest solid organ in the body and may weigh 3 pounds
liver
76
are the one responsible in secreting bile into the bile ducts
hepatic cells
77
pear shaped hollow organ which lies an impression below the liver
that serve as a reservoir for bile. Loc in the RUQ
gall bladder
78
parts of the gall bladder
`fundus
`body
`neck
79
hollow tube that passes from the gall bladder to join the hepatic duct
cystic duct
80
formed by the union of the R hepatic duct or ductus hepaticus dexter
common bile duct
81
another hormone with its source from the duodenum increases output of
enzymic-rich pancreatic juice
cholecystokini
82
what are the functions of digestive system
~to take water, salt, v, food to digest the food so that it nay be absorb
~ to absorb these food constituents
~ to get rid of waste product as feces
83
breaking up or the mechanical and chemical breakdown of food
digestion
84
passage of digested product through lining membrane of blood
or lymph capillaries
absorption
85
food contain 3 essential types of compounds
`protein
`carbohydrates
`fats
86
opening of the roof of the mouth
cleft palate
87
esophagus is closed at some point and may communicate with the trachea
esophageal atresia
88
narrowing of the pyloric canal causing obstruction at the
distal end of the stomach
pyloric stenosis
89
rupture that causes protrusion of an organ
hernia
90
complete closure of the anal opening
imperforate anus
91
diverticulum of the ileum about 12 inch to 3 feet above ileo cecaljunction
meckel’s diverticulum
92
reversal of the position of the abdominal organ
situs inversus
93
contains over a million nephrons occupies between 12th dorsal
3rd lumbar
kidneys
94
responsible for filtering the blood and forming urine
nephrons
95
located in the cortex of the kidney, each consist of cup like structure called
glomerular
renal corpuscle
96
contains a cluster of capillaries called glomerulus, becomes the descending
limb of the hairpin like nephron loop
renal tubule
97
is a depression on the medial or inner border where the renal artery, renal vein,
pelvis enter the kidney
hilum/ hilus
98
includes the renal artery, vein lymphatics and renal pelvis
renal pedicle
99
are two tubes about 10-12 inches which extends from the kidney to urinary bladder
ureters
100
what are the 3 coats of ureters
`epithelial lining
`involuntary muscle
`fibrous layer
101
upper expanded funnel shaped end of the ureter which is in contact with the kidney
renal pelvis
102
cup shaped division of the major calyces
minor calyces
103
reservoir for the urine and lies in the pelvis behind the symphysis pubis
urinary bladder
104
passage from the UB to the outside, 1.5 inch in female while in male is much longer
urethra
105
are branches of the abdominal aorta that supply blood to the kidneys
renal arteries (L) (R)
106
collect blood from the kidneys and empty into inferior vena cava
renal veins
107
what are the functions of kidneys
`it excrete urine that contains water and waste products
`regulates fluid content of the blood
`regulate the concentration of the various salts
circulating in the blood
108
having a small kidney
microkidney
109
two kidneys are joined together across the midline of the body
horseshoe kidney
110
large cyst are present in-the kidneys
polycystic kidney
111
kidney is not in normal position
ectopic kidney
112
the bladder may lie outside the pelvis and may have no anterior wall
exstrophy of the bladder
113
the urethra open on the undersurface of the penis
hypospadias
114
urethra opens on the upper surface of the penis
epispadias
