Sensory Functioning

Question 0

What is the audible sound range for humans?

Answer 0

20 Hz - 20,000 Hz

Question 1

transduction (n.)

Answer 1

the conversion of different forms of energy into neural impulses

Question 2

What kind of visual receptors are in the peripheral retina?

Answer 2

Rods

Question 3

What kind of visual receptors are in the central retina?

Answer 3

Cones

Question 4

somesthetic (n.)

Answer 4

having to do with body sensation

Question 5

What are the haptic senses?

Answer 5

Touch, pressure, position sense

Question 6

kinesthetic (n.)

Answer 6

having to do with movement

Question 7

What do cones detect?

Answer 7

Color and position

Question 8

proprioception (n.)

Answer 8

the ability to sense the position, location, orientation, and movement of one’s body and limbs

Question 9

What do rods detect?

Answer 9

Black and white, and movement

Question 10

Romberg test (n.)

Answer 10

Testing to see if swaying while standing increases when their eyes are closed

Question 11

Which visual receptor cells are better are detecting motion?

Answer 11

Rods

Question 12

Which visual receptors are better at seeing stationary things?

Answer 12

Cones

Question 13

exteroceptors (n.)

Answer 13

receptors that respond primarily to external stimuli

Question 14

interoceptors (n.)

Answer 14

receptors that respond primarily to internal stimuli

Question 15

What structure controls circadian rhythm?

Answer 15

Suprachiasmatic nucleus

Question 16

What structure controls pupillary response to light?

Answer 16

Pretectal area

Question 17

What structure controls infradian rhythm?

Answer 17

Pineal gland

Question 18

What structure controls motion detection and head orientation?

Answer 18

Superior colliculus

Question 19

What structure controls eye movements that compensate for head movement?

Answer 19

Accessory optic nucleus

Question 20

What structure manages conscious visual perception?

Answer 20

Visual cortex

Question 21

What structure controls non-conscious eye movement?

Answer 21

Frontal eye fields

Question 22

Where is the dorsal stream of vision located?

Answer 22

Parietal cortex

Question 23

Where is the ventral stream of vision located?

Answer 23

Inferior temporal cortex

Question 24

What is the dorsal stream of vision specialized for?

Answer 24

Perception of movement and location

Question 25

What is the ventral stream of vision specialized for?

Answer 25

Object perception

Question 26

nociception (n.)

Answer 26

sensation of pain and temperature

Question 27

What are the two primary cortical visual pathways?

Answer 27

Geniculostriate pathway and tectopulvinar pathway

Question 28

What is the path of the geniculostriate pathway?

Answer 28

retina -> lateral geniculate nucleus of thalamus -> primary visual cortex (medial occipital lobe), also known as V1

Question 29

What is the path of the tectopulvinar pathway?

Answer 29

optic tract -> midbrain tectum (dorsal midbrain, superior colliculi) -> parietal and temporal cortices

Question 30

anosmia (n.)

Answer 30

the loss of the sense of smell

Question 31

prosopagnosia (n.)

Answer 31

inability to recognize faces ("face blindness")

Question 32

vestibular sensation (n.)

Answer 32

the sensation of balance

Question 33

Where is the greatest density of cones in the eye?

Answer 33

Fovea

Question 34

Which visual receptor cells are more densely packed?

Answer 34

Cones

Question 35

Which visual receptor cells are more sensitive to light?

Answer 35

Rods

Question 36

What is the name of the sensory map in the brain?

Answer 36

Sensory homunculus

Question 37

Where is the brain's sensory map located?

Answer 37

Somatosensory cortex

Question 38

Who mapped out the sensory homunculus?

Answer 38

Wilder Penfield

Question 39

What detects the acceleration of the head and force of gravity?

Answer 39

Otolith organs

Question 40

What visual information does the geniculostriate pathway interpret?

Answer 40

"What" we see

Question 41

What visual information does the tectopulvinar pathway interpret?

Answer 41

"Where" we see it

Question 42

What are the two somatosensory pathways?

Answer 42

The dorsal spinal tract and the ventral spinal tract

Question 43

What information does the dorsal spinal tract transmit?

Answer 43

Touch, pressure, and proprioception

Question 44

What kind of neurons are in the dorsal spinal pathway?

Answer 44

Mostly large, myelinated neurons

Question 45

Where are the parts of the dorsal spinal tract neurons located?

Answer 45

Dendrites: sensory receptors Cell bodies: dorsal root ganglia Axons: project into spinal cord

Question 46

Where do the dorsal spinal tract neurons synapse?

Answer 46

Dorsal column nuclei at the base of the brainstem

Question 47

Where do the dorsal spinal tract neurons cross over?

Answer 47

Cross over (and form) the medial lemniscus

Question 48

What is the technical name for neurons crossing over?

Answer 48

Decussation

Question 49

What is the pathway of the dorsal spinal tract?

Answer 49

Sensory receptors > dorsal root ganglia > spinal cord > dorsal column nuclei > medial lemniscus > ventrolateral thalamus > primary sensory cortex > primary motor cortex

Question 50

What information does the ventral spinal pathway carry?

Answer 50

Pain and temperature sense

Question 51

What kind of neurons make up the ventral spinal pathway?

Answer 51

Small(er) and unmyelinated

Question 52

What structure does the ventral spinal pathway project to first?

Answer 52

Substantia gelatinosa in the central spinal cord