Sensory System

Question 1

What are Sensory Receptors

Answer 1

Specialized neurons or other cells that are turned to the conditions of the external world or internal organs

Question 2

Sensory receptors trigger what

Answer 2

action potential

Question 3

Where does sensory receptors send information?

Answer 3

the central nervous system

Question 4

What is Transduction?

Answer 4

sensory receptor responds to stimulus and converts it to a nerve impulse

Question 5

What is perception

Answer 5

conscious awareness

Question 6

What is translation?

Answer 6

DNA translating impulse into sensation

Question 7

Where does Conduction travel

Answer 7

from receptor in the sense organ to CNS

Question 8

How do we sense taste?

Answer 8

food molecules bond to specific protein molecules embedded in taste receptor cell membrane which triggers a signal transduction pathway

Question 9

What is Receptor potential?

Answer 9

Changes in flow of ions which changes membrane potential in sensory in sensory receptor cells

Question 10

If a stimulus is stronger will the receptor potential be greater or lesser?

Answer 10

greater

Question 11

What does receptor potential result in?

Answer 11

signals passing into the central nervous system

Question 12

What is the receptive field in the brain?

Answer 12

the stimulus region

Question 13

What is the size of the receptive field measured by?

Answer 13

2 point discrimination test

Question 14

What is the 2 point discrimination test

Answer 14

ability to see if two points touching the skin are two distinct points

Question 15

What are the 5 specialized sensory receptors?

Answer 15

Pain Receptors
Thermoreceptors
Mechanoreceptors
Chemoreceptors
Electromagnetic receptors

Question 16

What is the purpose of Pain Receptors?

Answer 16

Detect dangerous stimuli such as high heat and pressure

Question 17

What do Thermoreceptors respond to?

Answer 17

Responds to temperature variations ; thermo = thermometer = temp

Question 18

What is Mechanoreceptors sensitive to?

Answer 18

physical environments; generates action potentials in response

Question 19

What are Chemoreceptors responsible for?

Answer 19

sensing specific substances in the environment; respond to chemicals

Question 20

What do Electromagnetic receptors respond to?

Answer 20

Electricity, magnetism, light

Question 21

What are the 5 General (somatic) senses?

Answer 21

Temperature
Touch
Pain
Pressure
Body Position

Question 22

What are the 5 Special Senses?

Answer 22

Smell
Taste
Hearing
Vision
Equilibrium

Question 23

What does the Dermis consist of?

Answer 23

tony nerve endings which provide on what your body contacts

Question 24

Where does information of touch go after the Dermis?

Answer 24

Information from Dermis is carried on spinal cord to the brain

Question 25

What is sensory adaptation

Answer 25

a reduction in sensitivity to a stimulus after constant exposure to it

Question 26

What receptor does taste and smell depend on the detect?

Answer 26

Chemoreceptors! They detect specific *chemicals* in the environment

Question 27

Where are taste receptors located?

Answer 27

On the taste buds of the tongue

Question 28

True or False: As you age your ability to taste changes?

Answer 28

True! As a baby you have taste receptors on sides and roof of your mouth and as you age those disappear and taste buds slowly become less sensitive

Question 29

What is your sense of smell dependent on?

Answer 29

olfactory cells located in olfactory epithelium

Question 30

True or False: Olfactory bulbs have direct connections to the limbic system?

Answer 30

True!

Question 31

What is the Tympanic Membrane?

Answer 31

A tightly stretched membrane across the entrance to the middle ear that vibrates when struck by sound

Question 32

What can be causes of outer ear damage

Answer 32

puncture in tympanic membrane born with damaged ear canal swimmers ear

Question 33

What can cause damage to the middle ear

Answer 33

Loud sudden noises trauma to the head Bacteria build-up

Question 34

What does the Inner ear note the change of?

Answer 34

Notes the changes of energy as the sound waves come through each part of ear

Question 35

What does the ear convert air pressure waves into?

Answer 35

action potentials that are perceived as sound

Question 36

What does the pressure waves transmitted to the fluid of the cochlea do>

Answer 36

bends cilia in the organ of Corti against the basilar membrane and triggers nerve signals to the brain

Question 37

What does frequency measure

Answer 37

the cycle rate of the physical waveform

Question 38

what does pitch measure

Answer 38

how high or low sounds are when you hear them

Question 39

What is the pathway of sound?

Answer 39

Into the outerear -> waves strike the tympanic membrane causing vibrations -> waves cause ossicles vibration -> fluid movement stimulates cilia

Question 40

What is the cause of vertigo?

Answer 40

the conflicting signals between the inner ear and eyes

Question 41

What are photoreceptors?

Answer 41

light detector cells

Question 42

Where are compound eyes found?

Answer 42

insects and crustaceans

Question 43

What are the two evolutions of eyes?

Answer 43

Compound Single-lens eyes

Question 44

Where does light enter the eye?

Answer 44

the pupil

Question 45

Where is light focused onto?

Answer 45

the retina; consists of many photoreceptor cells

Question 46

Where is the location of eyes on a Herbivore

Answer 46

sides of head; wider field of vision, be aware of all surroundings

Question 47

Where is the location of eyes on Carnivores?

Answer 47

front of eyes; better depth perception; increased accuracy

Question 48

What are the two protections we have for our eyes?

Answer 48

Conjunctiva and the Lactimal

Question 49

Where is the conjunctiva?

Answer 49

Lines the inner surface of the eyelids

Question 50

Where is the Lacrimal?

Answer 50

Gland above the eye that secretes tears

Question 51

What is the outermost layer of the eye; tough whitish layer of connective tissue

Answer 51

the Sclera

Question 52

What is the cornea

Answer 52

the front of the eye, where the sclera becomes transparent

Question 53

What does sclera surround

Answer 53

The choroid; the pigmented layer containing the iris and ciliary muscle