Separating Mixtures Flashcards
What does filtration separate?
An insoluble solid from a liquid
Explain how filtration works
The filter paper will let through one substance not another
Give an example of substances filtration can be used to separate
Salt and sand
What does evaporation separate?
A soluble solid from a solution
Explain how evaporation works
When the solution is heated, the solvent evaporates and the solute is left behind as crystals
Give an example of substances evaporation can be used to separate
Salt from Salt solution
What does distillation separate?
A soluble solid from a solution
Explain how distillation works
The solvent evaporates and vapour comes out of flask into condenser, solid remains in flask, pure water runs out
Give an example of substances distillation can be used to separate
Water from salt solutions
What does fractional distillation separate?
A liquid from a mixture of immiscible liquids
Explain how fractional distillation works
In a fractional distillation, a mixture of liquids is boiled and the resulting vapors travel up a glass tube called a “fractionating column” and separate.
Give an example of substances fractional distillation can be used to separate
Water and ethanol
What does a separating funnel separate?
Two immiscible liquids
Explain how a separating funnel works
When two immiscible liquids are placed in a separatory funnel, two layers are seen. The denser solvent will be the bottom layer.
Give an example of substances a separating funnel can be used to separate
Oil and water
