Sequential Circuits (FSM) Flashcards
(18 cards)
What are sequential circuits?
Sequential circuits are digital electronic circuits that depend on both current inputs and previous state information to determine their outputs and future states.
What are key areas that sequential circuits are usually applied?
Computer processors, Communication systems, Memory elements, Timers and counters
What are the two types of sequential circuits?
Asynchronous and Synchronous sequential circuits
What are asynchronous sequential circuits?
These circuits do not use a clock signal but use pulses of the inputs.
What is the major advantage of asynchronous sequential circuits?
They are faster than Synchronous sequential circuits
When are asynchronous sequential circuits usually applied?
When speed of operation is important and independent of clock speed
What are the downsides to asynchronous sequential circuits?
They are more difficult to design and their outputs are uncertain.
What are synchronous sequential circuits?
These are circuits that use a clock signal to synchronize inputs.
What is the major downside to synchronous sequential circuits?
They are much slower compared to asynchronous sequential circuits.
What is a Finite State Machine?
This is a theoretical model used to design and analyze sequential circuits. It is a system that consists of a fixed set of possible states with a set of allowable inputs that may change the state and a set of possible outputs
What are the key features of a finite state machine?
A finite set of states, a transition function and an output function.
What are the two common types of Finite State Machines?
Mealy Machine and Moore Machine
What is a Moore Machine?
This output of this machine depends on the current state
What is a Mealy Machine?
The output of this machine depends on both the current state and input
What is a state?
The value or position in which a system is in at a given point
What is a State Transition Diagram?
A graphical representation of a finite state machine
What is Transition?
This is the change from one state to another state.
What are the differences between Mealy and Moore Machine?
Moore - Mealy
Only state - State and input
Faster - Slower
More Stable - Glitch Prone
More states needed - Fewer States needed
