Session 17 - Nervous Tissue

Question 1

What is the perikaryon of a neuron?

Answer 1

The cell body

Question 2

What is the cell body of neuron called?

Answer 2

Perikaryon

Question 3

What are Nissl-bodies?

Answer 3

Granulations created by accumulation of organelles

Question 4

What is the axon hillock?

Answer 4

The part where the axon begins from the cell body. It is characterised by a lack of Nissl-bodies

Question 5

What is the axolemma?

Answer 5

The cell membrane of a neuron

Question 6

What are the 3 classifications of neurons?

Answer 6

1. Multipolar
2. Bipolar
3. Pseudo-unipolar

Question 7

What are multipolar neurons?

Answer 7

Neurons that have a single axon and multiple dendrites extending from the perikaryon

Question 8

Give 2 examples of where multipolar neurons can be found?

Answer 8

1. Spinal cord
2. Sympathetic ganglion

Question 9

What are bipolar neurons?

Answer 9

Neurons that have only two processes from the perikaryon, an axon and a dendrite

Question 10

Give 3 examples of where bipolar neurons can be found?

Answer 10

1. Vestibulococchlear ganglion
2. Retina
3. Olfactory mucosae

Question 11

What are pseudo-unipolar neurons?

Answer 11

Neurons that have a single process extending from the perikaryon which then splits into an axon and a dendrite

Question 12

Give examples of where pseudo-unipolar neurons are found?

Answer 12

1. Spinal ganglion
2. Most of the cranial ganglia

Question 13

What is another name for motor neuron?

Answer 13

Efferent neuron

Question 14

What is another name for sensory neuron?

Answer 14

Afferent neuron

Question 15

What are the 3 types of synapses?

Answer 15

1. Axodendritic
2. Axosomatic
3. Axoaxonic

Question 16

Name the 5 types of neuroglia found in the CNS.

Answer 16

1. Oligodendrocytes
2. Fibrous Astrocytes
3. Protoplasmic astrocytes
4. Ependymal
5. Microglia

Question 17

Name the 2 types of neuroglia found in the PNS.

Answer 17

1. Schwann cells
2. Satellite cells

Question 18

Where are Oligodendrocytes found?

Answer 18

The white matter of the CNS

Question 19

What is the function of Oligodendrocytes?

Answer 19

They are responsible for the production of the myelin sheath of the CNS

Question 20

Where are fibrous astrocytes found?

Answer 20

White matter

Question 21

Where are protoplasmic astrocytes found?

Answer 21

Grey matter

Question 22

What is the function of astrocytes?

Answer 22

1. Give structural and metabolic support to neurons
2. Participate in repair process in nervous tissue
3. Participate in the formation of the blood-brain barrier
4. Cover the bare areas of neurons
5. Forms glia limitans

Question 23

Where are Microglia found?

Answer 23

White and grey matter

Question 24

What is the function of Microglia?

Answer 24

They are phagocytic cells

Question 25

Where are Ependymal cells found?

Answer 25

1. Canalis centralis of spinal cord 2. Brain ventricles

Question 26

What is the function of Ependymal cells?

Answer 26

They produce, circulate and absorb cerebrospinal fluid

Question 27

What is the function of Schwann cells?

Answer 27

They produce the myelin sheath of the PNS