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Flashcards in Session 4 Deck (14)
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0
Q

What is the significance of an envelope in viruses?

A
  • Viruses with envelopes are more easily sterilised as they cannot survive if the envelope has holes
1
Q

What is the significance of genome composition in viruses?

A
  • RNA viruses are more likely to mutate as RNA a is less stable
2
Q

What is the significance of the replication strategy of viruses?

A
  • RNA viruses use reverse transcriptase (eg HIV)
  • DNA viruses use host cell machinery (eg HPV)
  • Viruses can carry their own replication enzymes
3
Q

Give examples of DNA enveloped viruses

A
  • Hepatitis B (inflamed liver)
  • Herpes (oral/genital)
  • Smallpox (smallpox)
4
Q

Give an example of a DNA non-enveloped virus

A
  • HPV (warts/cervical cancer)
5
Q

Give examples of RNA enveloped viruses

A
  • HIV (AIDS)
  • Rubella (rash/congenital rubella syndrome)
  • Rotavirus (diarrhoea)
  • Coronavirus (SARS)
6
Q

Give examples of RNA non-enveloped viruses

A
  • Polio (Inflammation of spinal chord)

- Haepatitis B (liver disease)

7
Q

What are different habitats occupied by microbes?

A
  • Air
  • Soil
  • Bodily fluids
  • Animals
  • Plants
  • Humans
8
Q

Define reservoir

A
  • Any person, animal, plant, soil, substance in which an infectious agent lives/multiplies
9
Q

Define source

A
  • Readily available form of infection agent
10
Q

Define mode of transmission

A
  • Ingestion
  • Inhalation
  • Physical contact
  • Inoculation
  • Sexual transmission
11
Q

Define carriage

A
  • Passage taken by microorganism eg nasal/throat
12
Q

Define Normal flora

A
  • Non-pathogenic bacteria naturally found in our bodies eg in the gut
13
Q

Define Commensal

A
  • Symbiotic relationship where one species derives benefit (microbes) and the other is unaffected (host)
  • This is the time where the microbe may be replicating or waiting for the immune system to become compromised