Session 5 - Swallowing / Hernias

Question 1

Contents of saliva

Answer 1

Mostly water, HCO3, K, amylase, lipase, IgA, lactoferrin, lysozymes

Question 2

What’s the word for dry mouth

Answer 2

Xerostomia

Question 3

Name the three salivary glands and their locations

Answer 3

Parotid at ramus, sumandibular pacman around myelohyoid, sublingual in floor of oral cavity around lingual frenulum

Question 4

Three phases of swallowing

Answer 4

Preparatory, pharyngeal, oesophageal

Question 5

What nerves supply the salivary glands

Answer 5

Mostly parasympathetic, but sympathetic also slightly stimulates salivary production
IX stimulates parotid, X does submandibular and sublingual

Question 6

Describe swallowing

Answer 6

In oral preparatory bolus is volunatarily moved towards pharyngeal wall. Once it touches pharyneal wall the pharyngeal phase begins. Soft palate tips back to close nasopharynx, larynx elevates to put epiglottis over trachea, vocal cords adduct, UOS opens, pharyngeal constrictors move bolus down. In oesophageal phase peristaltic waves move it down, and UOS closes.

Question 7

Whats special about baby pharynx

Answer 7

Epiglottis and soft palate are touching, food can go either side of epiglottis, allows breathing and feeding at same time

Question 8

4 ways that prevent GORD

Answer 8

Acute angle of entry into stomach, abdominal section of oesophagus, mucosal rosette of cardia, pinched by diaphragm to form LOS