Session 9

Question 1

how do you know something is a public health issue

Answer 1

affects people in large numbers

Question 2

what kinds of reasoning are used in public health

Answer 2

• inductive
• deductive

Question 3

explain the flow in inductive reasoning

Answer 3

• observations
• patterns
• hypothesis
• theory

Question 4

explain the flow in deductive reasoning

Answer 4

• theory
• hypothesis
• observations
• confirmation

Question 5

define qualitative data

Answer 5

• descriptive
• observable characteristics

Question 6

examples of qualitative data

Answer 6

• gender
• race
• ethnicity
• education level
• major
• dog coat color

Question 7

define quantitative data

Answer 7

• numerical
• measures or counts

Question 8

examples of quantitative data

Answer 8

• age
• income
• date of birth
• grades
• hours of sleep

Question 9

what are the three types of categorical data

Answer 9

• binomial
• nominal
• ordinal

Question 10

define binomial data

Answer 10

• categorical
• includes two categories

Question 11

examples of binomial data

Answer 11

• true or false
• yes or no
• do you live on campus or off campus

Question 12

define nominal data

Answer 12

• categorical
• categories that do not have implicit rank or order

Question 13

examples of nominal data

Answer 13

• eye color
• city name

Question 14

define ordinal data

Answer 14

• categorical
• categories that do have implicit rank or order

Question 15

examples of ordinal data

Answer 15

• education level
• level of agreement (strongly disagree to strongly agree)

Question 16

what are the two types of numerical data

Answer 16

• discrete
• continuous

Question 17

define discrete data

Answer 17

• numerical
• specific value or count
• whole numbers

Question 18

examples of discrete data

Answer 18

• number of people
• zip code

Question 19

define continuous data

Answer 19

• numerical
• value within a range
• does not have to be a whole number

Question 20

examples of continuous data

Answer 20

• age
• weight
• temperature
• height
• grades
• time

Question 21

what are three ways you can evaluate data

Answer 21

• accuracy
• precision
• reliability

Question 22

define accuracy

Answer 22

• how close measurements are to the true value

Question 23

define precision

Answer 23

• how close measurements are to each other

Question 24

define reliability

Answer 24

• repeatability: getting same outcome when same operator measures the same thing multiple times
• reproducibility: getting same outcome when different operator measures the same thing multiple times

Question 25

why is data important in public health

Answer 25

• define problems
• foundation for public policy
• shows if interventions are working or not

Question 26

define epidemiology

Answer 26

• study and analysis of distribution and determinants of health-related events
• application of study to control disease and other health problems