Settlement

Question 1

Rural settlement

Answer 1

A small settlement in a rural area with limited buildings and infrastructure where a primary activity occurs

Question 2

Urban settlement

Answer 2

An urban area such as a city where people have built a variety of types of buildings and infrastructure and a variety of economic activities occur

Question 3

Site

Answer 3

The actual,physical position of a settlement

Question 4

Situation

Answer 4

The position of a settlement in relation to its wider surroundings

Question 5

Size of settlement

Answer 5

It can refer to the area covered by the settlement or the number of people living in that area

Question 6

Complexity

Answer 6

Refers to the variety of different economic activities that occur

Question 7

Settlement function

Answer 7

The economic activity and social facilities available in a settlement

Question 8

Pattern

Answer 8

The distribution and arrangement of settlements across a landscape

Question 9

Urban-rural continuum

Answer 9

Where it is difficult to distinguish between the rural and urban characteristics of a settlement as the two are overlapping

Question 10

Nucleated settlement

Answer 10

Building are grouped together for economic, social, political or security reasons

Question 11

Dispersed settlement

Answer 11

Scattered, isolated farms

Question 12

Densification

Answer 12

An increase in the distribution density of a settlement I.e: there are more buildings close together

Question 13

Service centres

Answer 13

Rural towns that provides services to the surrounding community

Question 14

Round village

Answer 14

A village centred around an open space

Question 15

Linear village

Answer 15

A village where buildings are located in a mine often along a road or river

Question 16

T-shaped village

Answer 16

A village clustered around a t-junction

Question 17

Cross-road village

Answer 17

A village clustered around a cross-road for trade purposes

Question 18

Settlement

Answer 18

A place where people live and have built buildings and infrastructure

Question 19

Land use

Answer 19

How the land in an area is used. It mainly refers to the economic activities and how they are practiced

Question 20

Extensive farming

Answer 20

Farming a large area with small amounts of capital and labour

Question 21

Intensive farming

Answer 21

Farming a small area with high amount of capital invested or large amount of labour

Question 22

Commercial farming

Answer 22

Farming for a profit where output is maximized through the use of technology

Question 23

Subsistence farming

Answer 23

Farming to provide food for the community or the farmers family

Question 24

Rural-urban migration

Answer 24

The movement of people from rural to urban areas

Question 25

Rural depopulation

Answer 25

The decrease in people who are mostly economically active in rural areas due to rural-urban migration

Question 26

Land reform

Answer 26

Providing access to land which was denied during colonialism and the apartheid era

Question 27

Land restitution

Answer 27

Restore land or pay back people who were forced off their land during apartheid

Question 28

Land tenure

Answer 28

To secure rights of people living in insecure conditions on land owned by others

Question 29

Land redistribution

Answer 29

To redistribute land to people who are landless and cannot claim land

Question 30

Urbanization

Answer 30

When the proportion of people living in an urban area increases

Question 31

Level of urbanization

Answer 31

The percentage of a country's total population living in an urban area

Question 32

Counter-urbanization

Answer 32

People moving out of cities to live in rural areas

Question 33

HDI

Answer 33

The indicator that reflects the level of development of a country

Question 34

Central place towns

Answer 34

Centrally located towns whose main function is to serve the surrounding area

Question 35

Trade and transport towns

Answer 35

Towns that are a hub for trade and transport in a region / a port

Question 36

Specialized towns

Answer 36

Towns that develop because of a specific resource or service they offer

Question 37

Junction towns

Answer 37

Towns at the intersection of a number of transport routes

Question 38

Gateway towns

Answer 38

Towns that act as entry points to a wide set of resources

Question 39

Gap towns

Answer 39

Towns that develop at a gap in a mountain

Question 40

Urban hierarchy

Answer 40

The ranking of a town according to its size and importance

Question 41

Threshold population

Answer 41

The min number of people needed to support a service to make it sustainable

Question 42

Sphere of influence

Answer 42

The area that a central place serves

Question 43

Lower order functions

Answer 43

Common services that are found in even small settlements such as a grocery shop

Question 44

Higher order functions

Answer 44

Specialized services that usually only occur in large settlements such as hospitals

Question 45

Land use zones

Answer 45

Parts of a city where specific activities and buildings are found

Question 46

Gentrification

Answer 46

The renovation of old buildings in a part of a city to attract investors to increase property values

Question 47

CBD

Answer 47

The commercial and economic centre of a settlement

Question 48

Transitional zone/ zone of decay

Answer 48

The area surrounding the CBD where mixed land use occurs, such as light industry, commerce and residential

Question 49

Industrial zone

Answer 49

A part of a settlement where there are factories and the main function or activity is industry

Question 50

Residential zone

Answer 50

A part of a settlement where people live in houses or apartments

Question 51

Urban profile

Answer 51

The side view of an urban area from one side of the urban settlement to the other

Question 52

Rural-urban fringe

Answer 52

The zone that surrounds the urban area and has a mix of functions

Question 53

Urban expansion

Answer 53

When the physical area covered by an urban settlement increases

Question 54

Urban patterns

Answer 54

How the different land use zones in an urban area are arranged

Question 55

Informal settlement

Answer 55

A settlement where there is very little planning, buildings appear as temporary and houses are usually built out of makeshift materials