Sexual reproduction

Question 1

Sexual reproduction

Answer 1

Production of new living organisms by combining genetic information from two individuals of different sexes.

Question 2

Female sex cell is called what?

Answer 2

Ovum (23 chromosomes)

Question 3

Male sex cell is called what?

Answer 3

Sperm (23 chromosomes)

Question 4

Fertilisation

Answer 4

The process of the male and female sex cell combining together forming a zygote ( 48 chromosomes in 23 pairs)

Question 5

after fertilisation the zygote transforms into an?

Answer 5

Embryo ( 46 Chromosomes in 23 pairs)

Question 6

Gene definition

Answer 6

a segment of DNA that contains the instructions for the development of a specific trait or function.

Question 7

Gene function

Answer 7

codes for proteins and determines various biological functions and traits.

Question 8

Gene Inheritance

Answer 8

s are inherited from parents to offspring and determine the general structure and function.

Question 9

Gene example is

Answer 9

the gene for eye color.

Question 10

Allele definition

Answer 10

A variant form of a gene that arises by mutation and is found at the same place on a chromosome.

Question 11

Allele Function

Answer 11

Influences the specific expression of a trait or characteristic.

Question 12

Allele example

Answer 12

The alleles for eye color could be blue, brown, green, etc.

Question 13

Advantages of sexual reproduction

Answer 13

• variation in the offspring
• There is a better chance of at least some organisms surviving.
• Natural selection can be manipulated and sped up by humans, by selective breeding to increase food production.

Question 14

Sexual reproduction is more conducive to

Answer 14

driving evolution

Question 15

Variations

Answer 15

in populations can include changes in fur, colour,ear size, tail length, etc.

Question 16

3 genetic variations are

Answer 16

1. assortment
2. combination
3. mutations

Question 17

Assortment (Genetic variation)

Answer 17

what genes are contained with the sperm and ova.

Question 18

Combination (Genetic variation)

Answer 18

how the genes combine at fertilization

Question 19

Mutations (Genetic Variations)

Answer 19

changes within DNA

Question 20

2 Environmental variations

Answer 20

• Nutrition and health
• weather, temperature, pH, salinity

Question 21

Pollination

Answer 21

the movement of pollen from wind or animals to a flower.

Question 22

Self pollination

Answer 22

within the same plants

Question 23

Cross pollination

Answer 23

pollination with different plants

Question 24

Internal Fertilisation

Answer 24

Occurs within the body of the female, usually high parental care and development before birth.

Question 25

External Fertilisation

Answer 25

occurs when an egg is fertilized outside of the female's body, typically in an aquatic environment, where sperm and eggs are released into the water to fuse

Question 26

High Offspring & Low care

Answer 26

Lots of energy goes into forming lots of sex cells. Large number give a greater chance of that some of the offspring survive. Example: Frogs

Question 27

Medium Offspring & Some care

Answer 27

Building safer areas for eggs. Some care until eggs hatch Example: Turtle

Question 28

Low Offspring & High care

Answer 28

All their energy goes into caring for their young. Before and after birth. Example: Humans