Sexual reproduction in angiosperm Flashcards
(16 cards)
2 problem’s that are in plants cause they lack locomotion
- How do plants ensure gametes meet for fertilization
- How do plants ensure the offspring disperses far enough so parent and off spring plant are not competing for recourses
Answer to the problems
Flowers
Stamen
male reproductive organ. contains
- Anther
–> where the pollen grain is produced
- Filament
–> A stalk that supports the anther
Pistil
Female reproductive organs
- Stigma
–> Sticky surface where pollen lands on
- Style
–> The tube that leads down from the stigma to the ovary
- Ovary
–> Contains the ovule
–> has egg cell that will later develop into seed
petals
reproductive accessory organ
- Strong smells and brightly colored to attract pollinators
Sepals
reproductive accessory organ
- Protect the flower buds before they open
Complete flower
contain all 4 organs
Incomplete flower
missing 1 or more organ
Perfect flower
has stamen and pistil
Imperfect flower
has either a stamen or pistil
Monoecious
plants that have both male and female flowers
Dioeciuos
plants that have either male or female flowers (not both)
Pollination
transfer of pollen to stigma
Self pollination
when a plant self-pollinates (takes pollen from its flower to the stigma of the same flower or a different flower but same plant)
–> leads to inbreeding and is likely to cause genetic diseases to be passed down
–> less genetic variety
Cross pollination
Pollen is taken from a stamen of a flower from a plant and transferred to the stigma of a flower of a different plant, but of the same species
–> genetic variety and makes plant healthier and stronger
Pollination occurs via:
- Animals like bees, moths, bats, birds, etc
–> these flowers have brightly colored petals or strong scents - Wind
–> Flowers usually don’t have brightly colored petals or scents
–> Larger volume of pollen
