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Misc Decks > SF3 1 EKG > Flashcards

SF3 1 EKG Flashcards

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1
Q
A

Second-Degree AV Block, Mobitz Type 1

* Progressive increase in PR Interval from beat to beat until single QRS absent

* PR interval goes back to initial length and cycles

* Usually benign

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2
Q

Stage of STEMI

A

Days Later

* ST Normalized

* T Wave inverted

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3
Q
A

Hypercalcemia

* Shortened QT Interval

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4
Q
A

Orthodromic Atrioventricular Reentrant Tachycardia

* Can be triggered by Atrial Premature beat in WPW

* No delta wave

* Conduction via AV node with reentry from accessory pathway

* QRS normal

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5
Q
A

Junctional Escape Rhythm

* No P Wave (impulse from below atria)

* Normal QRS

* Beat 40-60 bpm

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6
Q
A

Second-Degree AV Block, Mobitz Type II

* Sudden intermitten loss of AV conduction without gradual lengthening

* Block may persist two or more beats

* QRS often widened

* Conduction block beyond AV node

* Severe disease

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7
Q
A

Left Ventricular Hypertrophy

* Deep S in V1

* Elevated R in V5/V6

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8
Q
A

Sinus Bradycardia

* Normal P

* Normal QRS

* Slowed Heart Rate

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9
Q
A

Sinus Rhythm (WPW)

* Short PR Interval (<0.12 s)

* Slurred QRS “Delta Wave”

* “Fusion” (synced) AV and Accessory (Bundle of Kent) conduction

* QRS widened

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10
Q
A

Severe Hyperkalemia

* Flattened P

* Widened QRS

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11
Q
A

Third-Degree AV Block

* Complete heart block

* no relationship between P and QRS

* QRS width/rate dependent on whether AV node or His/Purkinje providing pacemaking

***In graph, second and fourth P wave superimposed on T wave

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12
Q
A

Right Bundle Branch Block

* Widened QRS

*RSR’ in V1 (Rabbit Ears)

* Prominent S in V6

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13
Q
A

Ventricular Premature Beat

* Ectopic ventricular focus fires AP

* Widened QRS (slow cell-to-cell conduction)

* Ectopic beat unrelated to preceding P wave

* T wave opposite polarity of QRS

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14
Q
A

First Degree AV Block

* PR Interval Lengthened (>0.2 s)

* Benign/Asymptomatic

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15
Q

Stage of STEMI

A

Acute

* ST Elevation

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16
Q

Stage of STEMI

A

Hours into it

* ST Elevation

* Depressed R Wave

* Q Wave Begins

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17
Q
A

Polymorphic Ventricular Tachycardia

* Example of “Torsades de Pointes” (waxing and waning pattern)

* QRS continually changes shape

* Rate varies

* Multiple ectopic foci or continually changing reentry circuit

* QT prolonged (LQTS)

* Abnormality of cardiac ion channel or calcium handling usually

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18
Q
A

Digoxin Therapy

* ST “Scooped” depression

* Mild PR Prolongation

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19
Q
A

Atrial Premature Beats

* Originate from Atrial focus outside of SA Node

* earlier-than-expected P Wave with abnormal shape

* QRS Normal

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20
Q

Stage of STEMI

A

Days 1-2

* T wave inversion

* Q wave deeper

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21
Q
A

Hyperkalemia

* Tall “peaked” T Wave

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22
Q
A

Sinus Tachycardia

Everything normal, SA node discharge > 100 bpm (typically 100-180 bpm)

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23
Q

Stage of STEMI

Study These Flashcards
A

Weeks Later

* ST / T Normal

* Q Wave Persists

24
Q
Study These Flashcards
A

Atrial Flutter

* Rapid regular atrial activity at 180-350 bpm

* Many reach AV node during refractory period

* two or more beats of atria per ventricle

* usually caused by reentry over large Anatomically-Fixed Circuit

25
Monomorphic Ventricular Tachycardia \* QRS complex wide (\>0.12 s) \* Rate of 100-200 bpm \* Rate regular \* QRS identical to one another \* Usually structural abnormality supporting reentry circuit (myocardial infarction or cardiomyopathy)
26
Right Ventricular Hypertrophy \* R \> S in Lead V1 \* Right Axis Deviation
27
Ventricular Escape Rhythms \* No P Wave \* Widened QRS Complex (distinguish from Junctional) \* Rate 15-40 bpm
28
Hypocalcemia \* Prolonged QT Interval
29
Hypokalemia \* ST Depression \* Flattened T \* Prominent U Wave
30
Atrioventricular Nodal Reentrant Tachycardia \* Normal QRS \* regular tachycardia \* P wave hidden/retrograde
31
Ventricular Fibrillation \* Disordered rapid stimulation of ventricles with no coordinated contraction \* chaotic irregular appearance, no QRS
32
Atrial Fibrillation \* chaotic rhythm with very high atrial rate (350-600 discharge/min) \* No P waves OR high frequency "noise" \* QRS-T normal but timing irregular \* Multiple Wandering Reentrant Circuits within Atria
33
Antidromic AVRT \* Wide QRS Complex \* Ventricles stimulated by anterograde conduction via accessory pathway \* reentry through AV node
34
Pathological Q wave. Typical of Myocardial infarction (remember, must see grouping not single lead)
35
Left Bundle Branch Block \* Widened QRS \* Broad, notched R in V6 \* Absent R and Prominent S in V1
36
Normal T Wave
Positive in all three bipolar limb leads
37
T Waves sensitive to...
1) Changes in electrolytes 2) Ischemia 3) drugs
38
(Normal ECG) Lead II
All complexes (P-QRS-T) normally positive
39
(Normal ECG) Lead aVR
All complexes (P-QRS-T) negative
40
(Normal ECG) Lead VI
\* Small initial r wave (might not be able to see) \* Deeper S Wave \* T wave may be positive, biphasic, or negative
41
(Normal ECG) General T Waves
Normal T wave should begin with gradual rise with distal descent more abrupt. Sharp proximal rise in ST segment indicates something is wrong
42
(Normal ECG) V1-V6
Amplitude of R wave should be rising constantly from V1-V6 Equiphasic RS complex at V3
43
(Normal ECG) Lead V6
QRS complex typically begins with narrow Q Wave follow by large R wave
44
J Point
Point at which ST segment begins (end of S wave)
45
P Wave in Leads I, II, III
Should be upright in normal ECG
46
Septal Heart Leads
V1, V2
47
Anterior Heart Leads
V3, V4
48
Inferior Heart Leads
Leads II, III, and aVF
49
Low Lateral Heart Leads
V5, V6
50
High Lateral Heart Leads
Lead I and aVL
51
Inferior Myocardial Infarction (Leads and Artery)
Leads II, III, aVF Right Coronary Artery
52
Anteroseptal Myocardial Infarction (Leads and Artery)
Leads V1-V2 Left Anterior Descending
53
Anteroapical Myocardial Infarction (Leads and Artery)
Leads V3-V4 Left Anterior Descending (distal)
54
Anterolateral Myocardial Infarction (Leads and Artery)
Leads V5-V6, I, and aVL Left Circumflex Coronary Artery
55
Posterior Myocardial Infarction (Leads and Artery)
Leads V1, V2 (this is the weird one where it's inverted because we dont have the right lead inplace) Right Coronary Artery

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