SGLT2 inhibitors Flashcards
1
Q
What are examples of SGLT2 inhibitors?
A
- Canagliflozin
- Dapagliflozin
2
Q
What are contraindications for SGLT2 inhibitor use?
A
- Ketoacidosis
- Pregnancy / Breastfeeding
- Renal impairment (if GFR <45ml/min)
3
Q
When should you use SGLT2 inhibitors with caution?
A
- CVS Disease
- Elderly
- History of Hypotension
- Hypovolaemia
4
Q
What is the mechanism of action of SGLT2 inhibitors?
A
90% of glucose reabsorption is due to SGLT2 occurring in the proximal tubule. By inhibiting this, vast amounts of glucose pass into the urine reducing blood glucose.
SGLT2 effects are:
- Glycosuria
- Osmotic Diuresis leading to hypotension/dehydration
- Reduction in sodium reuptake, lowering systolic blood pressure
- Glycosuria leads to increased risk of urogenital infection
5
Q
Why are those taking SGLT-2 inhibitors at increased risk of UTI?
A
Due to glycosuria caused by SGLT2
6
Q
Why can SGLT2 inhibitors decrease blood pressure?
A
Osmotic diuresis due to glycosuria + reduction in sodium uptake
7
Q
What are side effects of SGLT2 use?
A
- Urogenital Infection
- Constipation
- Thirst
- Polyuria
- Dyslipidaemia
8
Q
What drugs do you need to be careful with when using SGLT2 inhibitors?
A
- Antihypertensives
- Antidiabetic drugs
9
Q
A
