Shaping intergroup relations through language Flashcards
(18 cards)
ethnophaulisms
slurs referring to a group based on social category (race, sexuality, gender)
infrahumanization vs dehumanization
infra: attribute fewer human emotions to outgroup members than to ingroup members
de: describing or treating outgroup members as less human to justify aggressive or exclusatory behaviour
junk words
seemingly insignificant words that affect how we think abt social groups
Gender Inversion Theory
some heterosexual men use homophobic slurs to distance themselves from gay men who violate traditional masculinity norms.
shifting from ___ to __ voice increases victim blaming and reduces salience of perpetrator
active to passive
Q: What general word order tendency do most languages follow?
A: Subjects (agents) are typically mentioned before objects (patients), reflecting causal direction.
What is the “ingroup-first” rule in binomials?
A: Items closer to the speaker (psychologically or culturally) are mentioned first
Q: What is language abstraction?
A: The degree to which language describes behavior in specific vs. general terms, ranging from concrete actions to abstract traits.
Q: What is the Linguistic Category Model (LCM)?
A: A model that categorizes language into four levels of abstraction: Descriptive Action Verbs (DAV), Interpretive Action Verbs (IAV), State Verbs (SV), and Adjectives.
LEB
- linguistic expectancy bias
- expected and consistent behaviour is described abstractly and inconsistent is described concretely
which made sterotypes for likely and enduring: nouns or adjectives
nouns (imply categorization, many traits, stable identity etc)
individualistic cultures emphacize ___ whereas collectivist cultures allow ____
focus on the agent (pronouns required), allow pronoun drop (more action/context focused)
___ focus reduces stereotype expression and ___ focus may maintain or enhances it
self, group
enduringness
how enduring a quality that the attribute express about the subject
subject informativeness
how revealing the attribute is about the subject
situative informativeness
how much is revealed about specific and concrete situation where the subject is
verifiability
extent the content of the statement can be objectively verified
disputability
if it were mentioned by someone, how likely is it that it could lead to disagreement
