Shelter Flashcards
(10 cards)
Define ‘adequate shelter’ according to humanitarian standards and explain why it goes beyond just providing a roof.
‘Adequate shelter’ includes not only a roof but also security, privacy, and access to services. It is essential for health, safety, and well-being. ## Footnote Adequate shelter ensures that individuals feel safe and have a space to live with dignity and access to essential resources.
Identify the three phases of shelter response in humanitarian crises and the typical timeframe for each phase.
emergency response: 0-3 months 3-24 months: transitional shelter* 2+ years: Durable solutions ## Footnote These phases are crucial for effectively addressing shelter needs during and after a crisis.
List four key international frameworks that recognize the right to adequate housing and when they were established.
- Universal Declaration of Human Rights (1948) * International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (1966) * 1949 Geneva Convention Relative to the Protection of Civilian Persons in time of War* 1951 Convention relating to the status of refugees## Footnote These frameworks highlight the global commitment to ensuring adequate housing as a fundamental human right.
Compare and contrast rural versus urban shelter solutions in humanitarian contexts.
- Rural solutions: often utilize local materials, may lack infrastructure * Urban solutions: require integration with existing infrastructure, face space constraints ## Footnote Each context presents unique challenges and opportunities in implementing shelter solutions.
Explain the concept of ‘transitional shelter’ and provide one example of how it has been implemented.
‘Transitional shelter’ provides temporary housing solutions that are safer and more durable than emergency shelters. Example: post-earthquake housing in Haiti. ## Footnote Transitional shelters help bridge the gap between emergency response and permanent housing solutions.
Describe two innovative shelter designs that have been used in humanitarian contexts and their advantages/disadvantages.
- Design 1: Modular shelters * Advantages: quick assembly, flexible * Disadvantages: may lack durability * Design 2: Earthbag construction * Advantages: low cost, sustainable * Disadvantages: labor-intensive ## Footnote Innovative designs aim to improve the efficiency and sustainability of shelter solutions.
What are the SPHERE minimum standards for humanitarian shelter? List at least three specific requirements.
- Covered living space requirements* Site planning and layout standards* Fire safety requirements* Design and construction considerations* Settlement planning* ## Footnote The SPHERE standards provide guidelines to ensure shelters meet the basic needs of affected populations.
Identify the key actors in the humanitarian shelter ecosystem and their respective roles.
- Governments: policy and funding * NGOs: implementation and support * Communities: participation and self-help ## Footnote Collaboration among these actors is essential for effective shelter responses.
Explain the ‘shelter effect’ and how it relates to disaster risk reduction.
‘Shelter effect’ refers to the impact of adequate housing on reducing vulnerability to disasters. It enhances resilience and safety. ## Footnote Proper shelter can mitigate risks associated with natural disasters and improve recovery outcomes.
Discuss the concept of ‘self-help shelter’ and provide an example of where this approach has been successfully implemented.
‘Self-help shelter’ empowers communities to construct their own housing solutions. Example: 2022 Pakistan floods. ## Footnote This approach fosters ownership and sustainability in shelter development.
