Ships Construction Flashcards
(31 cards)
Describe, with the aid of a sketch, a freeing port
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A Freeing Port is an open hole cut into a bulwark that allows rapid draining of sea water and collected rain water from the weather deck.
- Freeing Ports assist in maintaining the ships stability.
- Decreases the chance of the Free Surface Effect.
Explain how freeing ports assist in maintaining the stability of a ship
- Freeing Ports are fitted on deck to drain away water preventing any accumulation, which could otherwise lead to a free surface effect reducing ships stability.
- By allowing continuous drainage, freeing ports help maintain a positive metacentric height (GM) and ensure that the ships stability remains unaffected.
+ Clearing water from deck, reduces the chance of capsizing.
+ As a result, the stability of the ship is maintained.
- By allowing continuous drainage, freeing ports help maintain a positive metacentric height (GM) and ensure that the ships stability remains unaffected.
Explain the meaning and purpose of the Bilge Keel
The Bilge Keel is a keel attached to the outside of a ships hull.
- The Bilge Keel runs 33% of a ships length
- Located on both port and starboard side.
- Reduces Rolling Motion
Explain the meaning and purpose of a Freeing Port
Freeing Ports are openings in the bulwark located on deck.
- Allows for rapid drainage of shipped water.
- Prevents any accumulation of water on deck, which in turn prevents free surface effect.
- Helps in maintaining a positive metacentric height (GM).
Explain the meaning and purpose of a Longitudinal
- Is a bar stiffener.
- Runs fwd to aft.
- Helps Strengthen and support plates.
Explain the meaning and purpose of a Frame
- Frames run transversely (longitudinally in some cases).
- Supports hull shape and strength.
- Supports and strengthens deck plating.
Explain the meaning and purpose of a Hawse Pipe
- Allows anchor cable to pass through the forecastle and out of the ship.
- Prevents hull damage by guiding and protecting the anchor cable.
Explain the meaning and purpose of a Chain Stopper
- Secures anchor chain when raised, which in turn takes the strain away from the windlass.
- Ensures the anchor is held firmly.
Explain the meaning and purpose of a Fairlead
- A fairlead is a roller or rounded hole that allows ropes to pass from mooring station to jetty.
- Guides ropes/wires which ensures safe mooring line management.
- Prevents chafing
Explain the meaning and purpose of a Bollard
- Strong vertical post on deck or quayside.
- Used for securing mooring lines.
- Resists high tension loads.
Sketch and Describe ‘Plate Floor’
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- Provides transverse stiffening and strength.
- Lightening holes reduce weight and allow access.
- Supports inner bottoms and tank tops.
- Contributes to overall structural integrity of the hull.
Sketch and Describe ‘Watertight Bulkhead’
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- Must run full width of the vessel, from keel to upper deck.
- Provides strength against water racking and pressure.
- Separates incompatible cargos and spaces.
- Forms watertight compartments to limit flooding.
- Acts as a fire barrier and collision bulkhead in emergencies.
Explain how watertight bulkhead integrity may be tested
Fire Hose Test
- to test tightness of structural items that contributes to the water tight integrity.
Filling Compartments with Water
- This test can only be done if there’s a safe way of emptying the water safely after the test has been carried out.
with reference to the ships structural arrangements
Explain, with the aid of a sketch, ‘Sheer’
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- Longitudinal upward curve of the main deck from midship to bow/stern
with reference to the ships structural arrangements
Explain, with the aid of a sketch, ‘Flare’
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- Outward curvature of the hull above the waterline (usually at the bow)
with reference to the ships structural arrangements
Explain, with the aid of a sketch, ‘Camber’
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- Transverse upward slope of the deck from centreline to ships sides.
with reference to the ships structural arrangements
Explain, with the aid of a sketch, ‘Tumblehome’
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- Inward slope of the ships side above the waterline
Describe, with the aid of a sketch, the structural features of the bow which impart structural strength
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Forward Collison Bulkhead
- 12% thicker than normal bulkheads
- They are completely watertight
- Extending from keel to the bulkhead deck
- They can be plain type or corrugated type.
Explain the meaning and purpose of Transverse Watertight Bulkhead
- Must run full width of the vessel, from keel to upper deck.
- Provides strength against water racking and pressure.
- Separates incompatible cargos and spaces.
- Forms watertight compartments to limit flooding.
- Acts as a fire barrier and collision bulkhead in emergencies.
Explain the meaning and purpose of the Bilge Keel
The Bilge Keel is a keel attached to the outside of a ships hull.
- The Bilge Keel runs 33% of a ships length
- Located on both port and starboard side.
- Reduces Rolling Motion
Explain the meaning and purpose of a Shear Strake
- Upper most section of shell plating
- It can withstand high bending and tensile forces
Explain the meaning and purpose of a Cofferdam
- A void space
- Usually used to separate different tanks to avoid cross contamination
Explain the meaning and purpose of the Keel
- Runs longitudinally along the bottom of the ship
- Provides main structural strength
- The starting point of construction
Explain the meaning and purpose of the Beam
- Supports decks and resists transverse forces
- Horizontal support across the ships width
- Prevents sagging of deck structure
