shock Flashcards
(20 cards)
why does shock occur
when the cardiovascular system fails to maintain adequate tissue perfusion, resulting in widespread impairment of cellular metabolism and function.
types of shock
hypovolemic
Cardiogenic
Obstructive
Neurogenic
Anaphylactic
Septic
hypovolemic shock cause
one blood
severe dehydration
burns
hemorrhage
diuesis
hypovolemic s/s
4 phases
Phases
1. Initial decrease
Slight drop in BP and HR
2. Compensation
Activate SNS and RAAS
Diaphoresis, oliguria
BP back to norm, HR increase
3. Ischemia + hypoxia
HR + RR increase, decrease BP
Cool skin, look sick, delirium
4. Failure + death
No vital signs, cold skin, coma, death
hypovolemic treatment
give IV fluids and blood, fix hemorrhage
cardiogenic causes
two hearts
heart failure
Aortic stenosis (aortic valve is so small the blood cant get out)
Arrythmia
cardiogenic s/s
Left heart failure
- Dyspnea
- Crackles
- Low BP, cool skin, oliguria
Right Heart failure
Oedema
cardiogenic treatmeant
Nitroglycerin
- Opens vessels to the heart
Stent/CABG
Medicines to control HR + strengthen heart
obstructivr causes
two hearts
Pericarditis
Inflammation of the pericardium
obstructive s/s
Chest pain
Same symptoms as cardiogenic shock
obstructive treatment
Steroids
NSAIDs
Antibiotics if infected
Pericardiocentesis (drain fluid)
Pericardiectomy (remove)
neurogenic causes
three obstructive
Brain injury
Overdose of benzos + anesthesia
neurogenic s/s
ischemia + hypoxia
HR + RR increase, decrease BP
hypovolemia
neurogenic treatment
iv fluids and pressors - cause vasoconstriction
anaphylatic causes
three obstructive
Severe Allergic reaction –> release histamine –> causes massive leaking from BV
anaphylatic s/s
Decrease BP, Increase HR + RR
Angioedema
- Swelling of face and throat
Urticaria (hives)
Wheezing
anaphylatic treatment
IV fluids
Epinephrine
Steroids
Nebulizer (O2)
septic causes
three obstructive
Antibodies or toxins –> release of histamine –> causes massive leaking from BV.
DIC -
Use up all clotting factors
septic s/s
Low BP, increase HR + BP
Fever
WBC increase
Oliguria (no urine)
septic treatment
IV fluids
Antibiotics
Oxygen
Cooling blanket
