Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Cardiovascular 2 > Shock - Pfeiffer > Flashcards

Shock - Pfeiffer Flashcards

(57 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

Hemorrhagic vs. neurogenic shock

A

H = Vascular system blood volume

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Hemorrhagic vs. neurogenic shock

A

H = Vascular system blood volume

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

4 elements to tissue perfusion

A
  • Vascular system
  • Fluid volume
  • Air exchange (lungs)
  • Pump (heart)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

4 basics of shock management

A
  • Maintain airway
  • Maintain oxygenation/ventilation
  • Control bleeding
  • Maintain circulation (HR, volume, perfusion pressure)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

How to estimate systolic blood pressure via pulses

A
  • Carotid present = 60s
  • Femoral present = 70s
  • Radial present = 80s
  • Tibial present = 90+
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Describe cycle of shock progression

A

RBCs decreased –> inadequate perfusion –> anaerobic process –> hypoxia/acidosis –> catecholamines –> cell death –> RBCs decreased

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

3 populations that CANNOT tolerate hypotension

A

Old, hypertensive, head injury

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Many acute symptoms in shock are due to ____

A

Catecholamine release

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Symptoms of COMPENSATED shock

A

Weak, light-headed, thirsty, pale, tachycardic, sweaty, tachypnic, decreased urination, weakened pulses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Signs of progression to UNCOMPENSATED shock

A
  • Acute RISE in BP (catecholamines)
  • Acute narrowing of pulse pressure (diastolic increased)
    - Weak, thin pulse
  • Lactic acidosis (hypoxia)
  • CRASH (loss of catecholamine production)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Populations prone to QUICK compensated to uncompensated crash

A

Very young, very old, those on HTN meds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Warning about HTN patients and shock

A

A “normal” BP might be TOO LOW for them

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Signs of HYPOVOLEMIC shock decompensation

A

HYPOTENSION, altered mental status (decreased cerebral perfusion, acidosis, hypoxia), weak pulse, cardiac arrest

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Tachycardia and shock

A

Sustained > 100 pulse = hemorrhage

Systained > 120 pulse = shock

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Exhaled CO2 level that indicates circulatory collapse/shock

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Exhaled CO2 level that indicates circulatory collapse/shock

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

4 elements to tissue perfusion

A
  • Vascular system
  • Fluid volume
  • Air exchange (lungs)
  • Pump (heart)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is mechanical shock?

A

Obstructed blood flow to or through the heart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

How to estimate systolic blood pressure via pulses

A
  • Carotid present = 60s
  • Femoral present = 70s
  • Radial present = 80s
  • Tibial present = 90+
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Describe cycle of shock progression

A

RBCs decreased –> inadequate perfusion –> anaerobic process –> hypoxia/acidosis –> catecholamines –> cell death –> RBCs decreased

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Types of cardiogenic mechanical shock (2)

A
  • Myocardial contusion

- Myocardial infarction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Many acute symptoms in shock are due to ____

A

Catecholamine release

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Symptoms of COMPENSATED shock

Study These Flashcards
A

Weak, light-headed, thirsty, pale, tachycardic, sweaty, tachypnic, decreased urination, weakened pulses

24
Q

Signs of progression to UNCOMPENSATED shock

Study These Flashcards
A
  • Acute RISE in BP (catecholamines)
  • Acute narrowing of pulse pressure (diastolic increased)
    - Weak, thin pulse
  • Lactic acidosis (hypoxia)
  • CRASH (loss of catecholamine production)
25
Populations prone to QUICK compensated to uncompensated crash
Very young, very old, those on HTN meds
26
Warning about HTN patients and shock
A "normal" BP might be TOO LOW for them
27
Signs of HYPOVOLEMIC shock decompensation
HYPOTENSION, altered mental status (decreased cerebral perfusion, acidosis, hypoxia), weak pulse, cardiac arrest
28
Tachycardia and shock
Sustained > 100 pulse = hemorrhage | Systained > 120 pulse = shock
29
If a patient is not tachycardic, is shock ruled out?
NO - could be neurogenic, on beta-blockers, etc.
30
Exhaled CO2 level that indicates circulatory collapse/shock
31
Types of high-space shock
- Neurogenic, vasovagal syncope, sepsis, drug OD
32
What is vasovagal syncope?
Sudden vagal sympathetic loss --> rapid drop in BP --> faint
33
What is mechanical shock?
Heart can't physically pump or perfuse appropriately
34
2 groups of mechanical shock
- Obstructive | - Cardiogenic
35
Types of obstructive mechanical shock (3)
- Cardiac tamponade (fluid into pericardium) - Tension pneumothorax - Pulmonary embolism
36
Types of cardiogenic mechanical shock (2)
- Myocardial contusion | - Myocardial infarction
37
Thready pulse, tachycardia, pale, flat neck veins
Hypovolemia
38
Relative hypovolemia
Vasodilatory shock - loss of SNS or excess vasodilation
39
Causes of vasodilatory shock
Sepsis, drug OD, spinal cord injury (neurogenic)
40
Hypotension, slow/normal heart rate, warm dry skin, diaphragmatic paralysis/deficit
Neurogenic high-space shock
41
Hypotension, tachycardia, pale/flushed
Drug OD or sepsis -- high space shock
42
Distended neck veins, cyanosis, pallor, tachycardia, sweating
Mechanical shock (decreased blood flow to/through heart)
43
Why is it important to get an IV line inserted EARLY in shock?
Hard to do it once compensatory vasoconstriction occurs
44
Management of controllable hemorrhage
- Control bleeding - High-flow oxygen - IV acess - Fluid bolus (repeated) - Cardiac, O2, CO2 monitors - Ongoing exam
45
Management of uncontrollable external hemorrhage
- Same as controllable hemorhage EXCEPT caution with fluid administration
46
Fluid administration in uncontrollable hemorrhage
- DON'T give much fluids - dilutes clotting factors, can't carry O2 - DO give blood transfusion (carries O2) - 1 to 1 FFP/platelets ratio
47
Management of uncontrollable internal hemorrhage
- Surgical assessment | - SAME as external
48
Special management part to high-space shock
VASOPRESSORS
49
Hypovolemic shock + severe head injury - management
- Glasgow coma score of less than 8 - SEVERE | - Fluid administration to BP 120 so cerebral perfusion pressure is at least 60
50
Management of nonhemorrhagic hypovolemic shock
- Same as controllable | - Fluid replacement
51
Tension pneumothorax - describe
Vena cava collapses --> prevents venous return --> decreased cardiac output
52
Tension pneumothorax - presentation
- Tracheal deviation away from affected side - Decreased pulse - Decreased breath sounds - Distended neck veins
53
Tension pneumothorax - management
- Chest decompression (needle) of pleural pressure
54
Penetrating cardiac injury --> ______
Cardiac tamponade
55
Presentation of cardiac tamponade
"Beck's triad" | - Shock, muffled heart tones, distended neck veins
56
Management of cardiac tamponade
- Pericardiocentesis | - Fluid administration (MAYBE)
57
Management of myocardial contusion
Treat arrhythmias

Cardiovascular 2 (20 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions