Short-Term Memory - Week 5

Question 1

modal model of memory

Answer 1

1) input
2) sensory memory
3) short-term memory
4a) rehearsal
4b) long-term memory
4c) output

Question 2

sensory information

Answer 2

holds all information for a fraction of a second

Question 3

short-term memory

Answer 3

holds about 5-9 items for 15-30 seconds

Question 4

rehearsal

Answer 4

helps keep the information circulating in short-term memory

Question 5

long-term memory

Answer 5

holds incredibly large amounts of information for an incredibly long period of time and possibly indefinitely

Question 6

output

Answer 6

is from the stm alone or from longer-term information placed in stm

Question 7

false memory

Answer 7

confidence doesn’t equal accuracy
-can create a memory if it correlates with another memory

Question 8

iconic memory

Answer 8

a visual sensory memory that lasts about 1.5 seconds
*can see something again

Question 9

echoic memory

Answer 9

an auditory sensory memory that lasts about 2.5 seconds
*can’t hear something again

Question 10

proactive interference

Answer 10

older information gets in the way of retaining new information

Question 11

retroactive interference

Answer 11

older information being pushed out because of newer information

Question 12

chunking

Answer 12

grouping information together is a way of increasing the amount of information that can be placed within STM

chunks are always meaningful

Question 13

visual rehearsal

Answer 13

recalling based upon shape

Question 14

verbal rehearsal

Answer 14

recalling based upon sound

Question 15

experimental trilogy

Answer 15

sounds
-non-similar sounding are easier to remember

length
-shorter words are better to understand

interference
-easier to remember when there’s no interference between words

Question 16

working memory

Answer 16

1) central executive
2a) phonological loop
2b) visuospatial sketch pad
3) long-term knowledge systems

Question 17

phonological loop

Answer 17

a limited capacity store that helps with the retrieval of auditory and verbal information

Question 18

phonological similarity effect

Answer 18

the idea of a specialized memory center for language, with similar sounding stimuli scuppering sense

Question 19

word-length effect

Answer 19

supports the finite duration of this tape loop

Question 20

articulatory suppression

Answer 20

overloads the phonological loop and reduces similarity and word-length effects

Question 21

visuospatial sketch pad

Answer 21

temporary visual and spatial information is held

Question 22

central executive

Answer 22

coordinate loops and pads during divided attention, and to suppress irrelevant information

Question 23

episodic buffer

Answer 23

very recent

a back-up store to assist in working memory

Question 24

battle of systems
MODAL MODEL

Answer 24

-stm connects with the ltm
-stm is sensitive to control functions
-stm is a discrete unit
-stm is concerned with information storage and retrieval

Question 25

battle of systems
WORKING MEMORY

Answer 25

-wm connects with ltm
-wm is sensitive to central executive
-wm is split into subunits
-wm is concerned with information manipulation