Shoulder Complex

Question 1

Synovial classification of sternoclavicular joint

Answer 1

sellar/saddle

Question 2

Synovial classification of acromioclavicular joint

Answer 2

planar/gliding

Question 3

Synovial classfication of glenohumeral joint

Answer 3

ball & socket

Question 4

Synovial classification of scapulothoracic joint

Answer 4

pseudo-joint but necessary for full GH function

Question 5

SC joint
Clavicle is ___________ superior-inferior & Manubrium is ___________ superior - inferior

Answer 5

convex
concave

Question 6

SC joint
Clavicle is ________ anterior-posterior & manubrium is _________ anterior-posterior

Answer 6

concave
convex

Question 7

Clavicle rolls & glides __________ during protraction of SC joint

Answer 7

anteriorly

Question 8

Clavicle rolls & glides ____________ during retraction of SC joint

Answer 8

posteriorly

Question 9

Clavicle rolls ______________ & glides _________ during elevation of SC joint

Answer 9

superiorly
inferiorly

Question 10

Clavicle rolls __________ & glides _______ during depression of SC joint

Answer 10

inferiorly
superiorly

Question 11

What direction does the AC joint glide during protraction & retraction of scapula?

Answer 11

anterior to posterior

Question 12

Loose/open packed position of GH joint

Answer 12

55 deg abduction
30 deg horizontal adduction

Question 13

Close packed position of GH joint

Answer 13

end range abduction and external rotation

Question 14

During external rotation the GH joint rolls ____ and glides _____

Answer 14

posterior
anterior

Question 15

During internal rotation the GH joint rolls _____ and glides _____

Answer 15

anterior
posterior

Question 16

During flexion the GH joint rolls ____ and glides _____

Answer 16

superior
inferior

Question 17

Shoulder flexion
Primary and secondary mover, and antagonist

Answer 17

Primary: Anterior deltoid
Secondary: Biceps brachii
Antagonist: Latissimus dorsi

Question 18

Shoulder abduction
Primary and secondary mover, and antagonist

Answer 18

Primary: Middle deltoid
Secondary: supraspinatus
Antagonist: Pectoralis major

Question 19

Shoulder adduction
Primary and secondary mover, and antagonist

Answer 19

Primary: latissimus dorsi
Secondary: teres minor
Antagonist: Middle deltoid

Question 20

Shoulder internal rotation
Primary and secondary mover, and antagonist

Answer 20

Primary: subscapularis
Secondary: teres major
Antagonist: infraspinatus

Question 21

Shoulder extension
Primary and secondary mover, and antagonist

Answer 21

Primary: posterior deltoid
Secondary: teres major
Antagonist: anterior deltoid

Question 22

Shoulder external rotation
Primary and secondary mover, and antagonist

Answer 22

Primary: infraspinatus
Secondary: teres minor
Anatagonist: subscapularis

Question 23

Scapular elevation
Primary and secondary mover, and antagonist

Answer 23

Primary: upper trapezius
Secondary: levator scapulae
Anatagonist: lower trapezius

Question 24

Scapular depression
Primary and secondary mover, and antagonist

Answer 24

Primary: lower trapezius
Secondary: pectoralis minor
Antagonist: upper trapezius

Question 25

Scapular protraction Primary and secondary mover, and antagonist

Answer 25

Primary: serratus anterior Secondary: pectoralis major Antagonist: Middle trapezius

Question 26

Scapular retraction Primary and secondary mover, and antagonist

Answer 26

Primary: middle trapezius Secondary: rhomboids Antagonist: serratus anterior

Question 27

Scapular upward rotation Primary and secondary mover, and antagonist

Answer 27

Primary: serratus anterior Secondary: upper/lower trapezius Antagonist: latissimus dorsi

Question 28

What does the articular disc in the sternoclavicular joint do?

Answer 28

Divides the joint in 2 to increase surface area, mobility, and shock absorption

Question 29

What are the 3 purposes of scapulohumeral rhythm?

Answer 29

1. allows for greater overall shoulder ROM 2. maintains optimal contact between humeral head and glenoid fossa 3. assists with maintaining an optimal length-tension relationship of the glenohumeral muscles (for stability)

Question 30

Why does the glenohumeral joint have the greatest ROM?

Answer 30

shallow joint, extensive joint capsule, limited ligamentous support

Question 31

What are the static stabilizers of the GH joint?

Answer 31

Labrum, ligaments, joint capsule

Question 32

Function of labrum in GH joint

Answer 32

deepens socket

Question 33

Dynamic stabilizers of GH joint

Answer 33

musculature (rotator cuff, deltoid)

Question 34

Main function of rotator cuff muscles

Answer 34

pull head of humerus into glenoid fossa (centers head)

Question 35

Primary function of deltoid

Answer 35

swing humerus

Question 36

Explain force coupling in GH joint

Answer 36

Due to lever arm & muscle tone, the deltoid could pull humerus superiorly so the rotator cuff muscles have to activate before that to keep the humeral head centered in the glenoid fossa to prevent compression of structures in the subacromial space