Shoulder Complex

Question 1

Four Joints that make up the shoulder?

Answer 1

SC, AC, GH, ST

Question 2

Sternoclavicular Joint ROM

Answer 2

~45 degrees of elevation
~10 degrees of depression
~15 degrees of pro/retraction
~20-35 degrees of rotation (posterior only)

Question 3

Superior and Inferior acromioclavicular ligaments action

Answer 3

Prevents horizontal distraction

Question 4

Coracoclavicular ligaments (trapezoid & conoid)

Answer 4

limits upward scap rotation, transfers medially directed forces from glenoid, prevents medial scap displacement, produces longitudinal clavicle rotation during UE elevation

Question 5

Scapulothoracic Joint

Answer 5

ST motion helps maintain good GH contact, 3 degrees of freedom, movements are coupled with AC and SC motion.

Question 6

ROM at AC joint during scapular upward rotation, AP tilting, and IR/ER

Answer 6

Upward rotation ~ 30 degrees
AP tilting ~ 5-30 degrees
IR/ER ~ 5-30 degrees

Question 7

Glenohumeral joint close and open packed position

Answer 7

Close Packed: 90 abduction with full ER

Open packed: 50 abduction with 30 horizontal adduction

Question 8

Glenohumeral Joint ROM

Answer 8

120 degrees of flexion, 120 degrees of abduction, 65 degrees of extension

Question 9

Principle #1

Answer 9

Active shoulder abduction of 180 degrees occurs as a result of simultaneous 120 degrees of glenohumeral joint abduction and 60 degrees of scapulothoracic upward rotation

Question 10

Principle #2

Answer 10

the 60 degrees of upward rotation of the scapula during full shoulder abduction is the result of a simultaneous elevation at the sternoclavicular joint combined with upward rotation at the acromioclavicular joint

Question 11

Principle #3

Answer 11

Clavicular retraction, the clavicle retracts 15 degrees at the SC joint during shoulder abduction

Question 12

Principle #4

Answer 12

Scapular Tilt and Rotation, the upwardly rotating scapula posterior tilts and, less, consistently, externally rotates slightly during full shoulder abduction

Question 13

Principle #5

Answer 13

Clavicular rotation, the clavicle posteriorly rotates 15-20 degrees around its own axis during shoulder abduction

Question 14

Principle #6

Answer 14

Humeral ER, the GH joint externally rotates during shoulder abduction

Question 15

The shoulder during gait

Answer 15

at initial contact, the contralateral shoulder is in 25 degrees of flexion

at toe off, the contralateral shoulder is in 10 degrees of extension

Question 16

Force couple (or triple) during upward scapular rotation

Answer 16

Lower trap, upper trap, serratus anterior

Question 17

what joint links to axial skeleton

Answer 17

Sternoclavicular joint

Question 18

Sternoclavicular ligament

Answer 18

limits anterior and posterior movement of clavicle

Question 19

costoclavicular ligament

Answer 19

limits elevation of proximal clavicle

Question 20

interclavicular ligament

Answer 20

protects brachial plexus and prevents downward motion

Question 21

Superior glenohumeral ligament

Answer 21

Limits external rotation and inferior translation of the humeral head.

Question 22

Middle glenohumeral ligament

Answer 22

Limits external rotation and anterior translation of the humeral head.

Question 23

Inferior glenohumeral ligament

Answer 23

Limits external rotation and superior and anterior translation of the humeral head (anterior portion)

Limits internal rotation and anterior translation (posterior portion)

Question 24

Transverse humeral ligament

Answer 24

This ligament serves to keep the tendon of the long head of the biceps in the bicipital groove.

Question 25

Coracohumeral ligament

Answer 25

Anterior portion limits extension while the posterior portion limits flexion. Both divisions limit inferior and posterior translation of the humeral head.