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Shoulder Girdle & Proximal UE Flashcards

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1
Q

Name the 4 bones of the Upper Extremity

A
  1. Sternum
  2. Clavicle
  3. Scapula
  4. Humerus (UE=arm)
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2
Q

Identify the portions of the sternum

A

Manubrium
Body
Xiphoid Process

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3
Q

What kind of facets does the Manubrium have?

A

Clavicular
Costal

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4
Q

What is the portion where the manubrium and body of the sternum meet?

A

Sternal Angle

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5
Q

Why is the length of the clavicle important?

A

Allows us to move the arm away from the body (mobility)

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6
Q

Name the proximal end of the clavicle, and is it concave or convex?

A

Sternal end
Convex

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7
Q

Name the distal end of the clavicle, and is it concave or convex?

A

Acromial end
Concave

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8
Q

T or F: The sternoclavicular joint is the only true bony articulation that connects the trunk to the sternum

A

True

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9
Q

Where do the deltoid muscles insert on the humerus?

A

Deltoid Tuberosity

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10
Q

What are the types of movements at the Scapulothoracic Joint?

A

Elevation and Depression
Protraction and Retraction
Upward and Downward Rotation

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11
Q

When the inferior angle of the scapula moves outwards, what kind of rotation is it?

A

Upward rotation

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12
Q

List the origin, insertion, action and innervation for the Latissimus Dorsi

A

Origin: thoracic vert, Scapular, Costal, Iliac
Insertion: Floor of intertubercular groove of the humerus
Action: Extend, Adduct, Internal Rotation, Respiration
Innervation: Thoracodorsal N (C6-8)

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13
Q

List the origin, insertion, action and innervation for the Trapezius

A

Origin: cervical spine, upper and lower thoracic spine
Insertion: Clavicle, acromion, scapular spine
Action: Scap Upward rotation, retraction and depression, scapular stabilization, head lat flex ipsilat rotate contlat
Innervation: Cranial Nerve XI

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14
Q

List the origin, insertion, action and innervation for the Rhomboid Major

A

Origin: Spinous Process of T1-T4
Insertion: Medial border of scapula below scap spine
Action: retraction and downward rotate
Innervation: Dorsal Scapular C4-C5 (Primarily C5)

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15
Q

List the origin, insertion, action and innervation for the Rhomboid Minor

A

Origin: Spinous Process of C6-7
Insertion: Medial Border of scapula above spine
Action: retraction and downward rotate
Innervation: Dorsal Scapular C4-C5 (Primarily C5)

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16
Q

List the origin, insertion, action and innervation for the Levator Scapulae

A

Origin: Transverse Processes of C1-C4
Insertion: Scapular superior angle
Action: downward rotation
Innervation: Dorsal scapular nerve and some cervical spinal nerve

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17
Q

List the origin, insertion, action and innervation for the Deltoid

A

Origin: Clavicle, Acriomion, Scapular Spine
Insertion: Deltoid Tubercle (of humerus)
Action: Flexion, Internal rotation, Adduction, Abduction, Extension, External Rotation
Innervation: Axillary nerve (C5, 6)

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18
Q

What are the 4 muscles of the rotator cuff?

A
  1. Subscapularis
  2. Supraspinatus
  3. Infrapinatus
  4. Teres minor
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19
Q

Origin, Insertion, Action, Innervation of the Supraspinatous

A

Origin: Scapula- Supraspinous fossa
Insertion: Greater tubercle of Humerus
Action: Initiates abduction
Innervation: Suprascapular nerve C4-C6

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20
Q

Origin, Insertion, Action, Innervation of the Infraspinatous

A

Origin: Scapula- Infraspinous fossa
Insertion: Greater tubercle of Humerus
Action: External Rotation
Innervation: Suprascapular nerve C4-C6

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21
Q

Origin, Insertion, Action, Innervation of the Teres Minor

A

Origin: Scapula- Lateral Border
Insertion: Greater tubercle of Humerus
Action: External rotation, weak adduction
Innervation: Axillary nerve C5, 6

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22
Q

Origin, Insertion, Action, Innervation of the Subscapularis

A

Origin: Scapula- Subscapular Fossa
Insertion: Lesser tubercle of Humerus
Action: Internal rotation
Innervation: Upper and Lower Subscapular nerve, C5, 6

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23
Q

What are the anterior glenohumeral joint muscles?

A

Pectoralis major
Deltoid
Coracobrachialis
Bicep brachii
Anterior rotator cuff (subscapulris)

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24
Q

What are the 3 portions of the deltoid?

A
  1. Clavicular (anterior)
  2. Acromial (lateral)
  3. Spinal (posterior)
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25
Origin, Insertion, Action, Innervation of the Clavicular Deltoid
Origin: Lateral 1/3 of clavicle Insertion: Deltoid tuberosity of humerus Action: Flexion, Internal Rotation, Adduction Innervation: Axillary nerve C5, 6
26
Origin, Insertion, Action, Innervation of the Acromial Deltoid
Origin: Acromion Insertion: Deltoid tuberosity of humerus Action: Abduction Innervation: Axillary nerve C5, 6
27
Origin, Insertion, Action, Innervation of the Spinal Deltoid
Origin: Scapular Spine Insertion: Deltoid tuberosity of humerus Action: Extension, External Rotation, Adduction Innervation: Axillary nerve C5, 6
28
What is the Scapulohuemral Rythm?
2:1 For every 3 degrees of elevation, 2 degrees occur at the Glenohumeral joint, 1 degree occurs at the Scapulothoracic joint
29
Borders of the Triangular Space
Teres Minor Teres Major Long Head of Triceps Brachii
30
Borders of the Quadrangal Space
Teres Minor Teres Major Long Head of Triceps Brachii Humerus
31
Borders of the Triceps Hiatus/Triangular Interval
Long Head of Triceps Brachii Lateral Head of Triceps Brachii Teres Major
32
Contents in the Triangular Space
Circumflex Artery
33
Contents in the Quadrangular Space
Posterior Humeral Circumflex Artery Axillary Nerve
34
Contents in the Triceps Hiatus/Triangular Interval
Profunda Brachii Artery (deep artery of the arm) Radial Nerve
35
What kind of joint is the Sternoclavicular Joint? Where does it articulate?
Unique Saddle Medial end of clavicle with manubrium of the sternum 1st Costal cartilage
36
What ligaments are in the Sternoclavicular Joint?
Anterior sternoclavicular ligament Posterior sternoclavicular Interclavicular ligament Costoclavicular ligament
37
What kind of motion does the Sternoclavicular Joint allow?
Stable but mobile joint Clavicle move to 60 degree angle with full UE elevation During elevation with shoulder flexion, clavicle rotates along longitudinal axis Anterior and posterior motion with protraction and retraction When all of this occurs together = Circumduction
38
What kind of joint is the Acromioclavicular Joint? Where does it articulate?
Plane joint Acromion process with lateral end of clavicle
39
What structures support the AC joint?
articular capsule, superior acromioclavicular ligament, inferior acromioclavicular ligament, coracoclavicular ligaments (conoid and trapezoid) and coracoacromial ligament
40
What is the main supporting structure at the true AC joint? (ligament)
the superior and inferior acromioclavicular ligament
41
Why does the coracoacromial ligament attach the acromion of the scapula to the coracoid process of the scapula?
Adds support to the glenohumeral joint superiors
42
What kind of movement occurs at the Acromioclavicular Joint?
elevation with shoulder flexion and some rotation around longitudinal axis
43
Is the glenohumeral joint more stable or mobile?
sacrifices stability for mobility - very mobile
44
Where does the glenohumeral joint articulate? What kind of joint is it?
the head of the humerus articulates in the glenoid fossa oof the scapula (ball and socket joint)
45
What structures support the glenohumeral joint?
labrum, articular capsule (fibrous capsule, synovial membrane, intertubercular sheath) coracohumeral ligament, glenohumeral ligament, transverse humeral ligament
46
what are the 4 rotator cuff muscles
supraspinatus, infraspinatus, subscapularis and teres minor
47
where does the pectoralis minor originate and insert
the ribs 3-5 and inserts on the coracoid process
48
where does the pectoralis major originate and insert
many origins, inserts on the greater tubericle
49
what nerve innervates pec major
the medial and lateral pectoral nerves (part of brachial plexus)
50
what nerve innervates pec minor
the medial pectoral nerve
51
what nerve innervates biceps brachii and coracobrachialis
musculocutaneus nerve
52
what nerve innervates the serratus anterior
the long thoracic nerve
53
explain the pathway of the subclavian to the brachial artery
subclavian becomes axillary at the lateral margin of 1st rib axillary becomes brachial at the inferior margin of teres major
54
what are the three parts of the axillary artery
1st- proximal to pec minor 2nd- deep/posterior to pec minor 3rd- distal to pec minor
55
what artery branches off the 1st part of the axillary artery
the superior thoracic artery
56
what arteries branch off the 2nd part of the axillary artery
thoracoacromial trunk (4 subsections) and lateral thoracic artery
57
what are the branches of the thoracoacromial trunk
(2 muscle) pectoral and deltoid, (2 bone) clavicular and acromial)
58
what arteries branch off the 3rd part of the axillary nerve
subscapular (2 subsections), anterior humeral circumflex and posterior humeral circumflex
59
what are the branches of the subscapular artery
circumflex scapular and thoracodorsal
60
what is the profunda brachii
a major branch off of the brachial artery that supplies the posterior upper arm, travels in the radial groove with radial nerve and splits into radial and middle for collateral circulation at elbow
61

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